基于SSR标记的四川大豆与引进大豆资源遗传多样性和群体结构分析  

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Sichuan Territory Soybean(Glycine max) and Introduced Resources by SSR Markers

作　　者：钟文娟[1] 袁灿[1] 周永航 龚一耘[1] 戢沛城[1] 杨泽湖[1] 牟方生[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所,四川成都610300

出　　处：《大豆科学》2017年第5期657-668,共12页Soybean Science

基　　金：四川省财政厅创新能力提升工程青年基金(2015QNJJ-005);四川省科技厅作物育种攻关(2016NYZ0031)

摘　　要：利用均匀分布于20条染色体的53对SSR标记(每条染色体上2~5对),对190份大豆资源进行遗传差异检测,随后根据标记试验结果进行遗传多样性分析、聚类分析、PCA分析和群体结构分析。53对SSR标记共检测到159个等位变异,每个位点等位基因范围为2~6个,平均每个位点的等位基因为3个,有效等位基因数Nei为1.474 4±0.237 5,多态性信息含量PIC为0.305 0±0.105 6;Shannon-Weaver指数值为0.476 2±0.124 9。这些参数显示了190份大豆资源异质程度不是很高,遗传多样性丰富程度一般,总体遗传多样性处于中等水平。UPGMA聚类分析结果显示190份大豆资源(群体1:P1)被分为3个大类,且四川审定大豆品种与野生大豆资源、国外引进资源亲缘关系较远,随后将四川审定大豆品种31份、国外资源13份和野生大豆资源8份共52份材料(群体2:P2)单独进行聚类分析,52份材料也被分成3个大类。群体1和群体2分别在K=3,K=2时得到合理群体结构。群体1的3个亚群分别是:亚群I由地域来源丰富的78份材料组成,不包含野生大豆资源;亚群II 59份材料中含7份野生大豆资源;亚群III 53份材料只包括1份野生大豆资源zy05292。群体2分成两个亚群:亚群Ⅰ26份材料中含24份四川审定大豆品种和2份国外资源;亚群II包含了6份审定大豆品种。供试的190份大豆资源蕴含了比较丰富的遗传变异,显示了较高水平的基因多样性。群体结构不能严格地按照地域、来源国家的划分而区分,这一现象显示了大豆资源存在着广泛的基因交流。从分析结果来看,四川大豆资源的种质创新可以充分地利用国外引进资源与直立型野生大豆资源,进而丰富四川大豆的基因多样性。Abstract： In total, 53 SSR locus, covered the entire soybean genome with 2 to 5 SSR locus were chosen on each chromo- some, were used to conduct the genomie scanning of a collection of 190 soybean germplasms. And then based on the markers experiment results to analyze genetic diversity, clustering, PCA and population structure. A total of 159 alleles were detected using 53 SSR markers while 3 alleles was detected on average per locus with the range 2-6, the average value of Nei＇ s gene diversity was 1. 474 4 with the range of 1. 474 4 ±0. 237 5, the polymorphism information content （PIC） was 0. 305 with the range of 0. 305 0 ± 0. 105 6, Shannon＇ s Information Index was 0. 476 2 with the range of 0. 476 2 ± 0. 124 9. These parame- ters indicated that the heterogeneous degree was not high and the genetic diversity was in the medium level in 190 soybean germplasms. The result of UPGMA cluster analysis indicated that the 190 soybean germplasms （ Named P1 ） were divided into three major clusters. The 52 samples （Named P2） including 30 Sichuan soybean accessions, 14 abroad soybean resources and 8 wild soybean samples were divided into three broad clusters. Sichuan soybean accessions had a far genetic relationship with wild soybean and abroad soybean resources. The optimal K was 3 and 2 respectively in the population structure analysis of P1 and P2. P1 included 3 sub-populations： sub-population Ⅰ contained 78 samples from different territory, sub-population Ⅱ 59 germplasms had 7 wild soybean germplasms, sub-population Ⅲ 53 samples only included 1 wild soybean zy05292. P2 had been divided into 2 sub-populations： sub-population Ⅰ contained 24 Sichuan soybean accessions and 2 abroad resources, sub- population I had 26 germplasms including 8 wild soybean, 11 abroad resources and 7 Sichuan soybean accessions. The select- ed 190 soybean germplasms were relatively highly diversified and variable in genetic analysis, revealing high genetic diversity. The result showed that the population structu

关 键 词：四川大豆 野生大豆 SSR标记 遗传多样性 群体结构 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]