江淮大豆育种种质苗期耐旱性鉴定  

Identification of Drought-tolerance of Soybean Germplasms from Yangtze and Huaihe River Valleys at Seedling Stage

作　　者：王应党 许孟歌 张雅娟 翁烨阳 李晓勇 孔杰杰[1] 赵团结[1] 何小红[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学大豆研究所/国家大豆改良中心/农业部大豆生物学与遗传育种重点实验室(综合)/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《大豆科学》2017年第5期669-678,共10页Soybean Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31571691);长江学者和创新团队发展计划(PCSIRT13073);江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心项目(JCICMCP)

摘　　要：江淮地区是我国大豆重要产区,季节性干旱时有发生,发掘适合本地区种植的耐旱新材料十分必要。选用210份江淮大豆育成新品种(系)及其部分亲本为材料,于2015和2016两年进行旱棚盆栽试验,以地上部干重、株高、主根长和根干重4个性状的耐旱系数为指标,通过主成分分析、隶属函数值法和聚类分析对其苗期耐旱性进行综合评价。结果表明:与正常供水相比,干旱胁迫下4个性状均显著降低,其中地上部干重、根干重、株高和主根长平均分别减小54%、42%、39%和15%;方差分析显示各性状在水分处理间和材料间均存在极显著差异,而株高和根干重性状上基因型、水分处理和年份三因子间一级互作和二级互作效应均为极显著。地上部干重与株高、根干重间以及主根长与根干重间的耐旱系数存在显著正相关,反映指标间有内在联系;主成分分析提取的前3个相互独立的主成分的累积贡献率达83.61%,能较好地替代原有4个信息部分重叠的性状;进一步获得耐旱性综合评价D值,结合聚类分析将所有材料分为强耐旱、耐旱、中度耐旱、干旱敏感、干旱强敏感5类。共鉴定出强耐旱材料5份(包括IA2077、YC4H/NN88-31//NN73-935、蒙8108、NN88-48/NN86-4和NN88-48/D76-1609)、耐旱材料57份。来自淮南和淮北地区的强耐旱或耐旱材料分别为27份(占该地区83份材料的32.53%)和19份(占该地区76份材料的25.00%)。所得结果可为大豆耐旱遗传育种提供材料。The Yangtze and Huaihe River Valleys （YHRV） is an important area for soybean production in China. However, seasonal drought occurs frequently in this region, thus it is very necessary to identify and screen new drought-tolerant germ- plasms adapting to there. In the present study, 210 accessions of soybean germplasm, including 159 new breeding lines devel- oped from YHRV and 51 parental lines, were planted in plastic pots under water-stressed and well-watered conditions in rain- proof greenhouse in both 2015 and 2016. The drought tolerance coefficients of shoot dry weight （ SDW）, plant height （ PH）, tap root length （TRL）, and root dry weight （RDW） at seedling stage were used as drought tolerant indices. Principle compo- nent analysis, the subordinate function value method and cluster analysis were jointly applied for comprehensive evaluation of drought tolerance for the tested genotypes. The results showed that the four traits were significantly decreased under the water- stressed condition compared with those under the well-watered condition. The averages for SDW, RDW, PH and TRL were re- duced by 54% , 42% , 39% and 15% , respectively. The analysis of variance （ANOVA） showed that there was very signifi- cant differences between the two water treatments among the tested genotypes for all the traits, moreover, the first and the sec- ond order interactions of the three factors, i.e. genotype, water treatment and year, for the PH and RDW were very signifi- cant. There was significant positive correlation relationship for drought-tolerant coefficients between SDW and PH, SDW and RDW, TRL and RDW, which reflected the inherent relations among the original drought tolerant indicators. The first three in- dependent principal components extracted from principal component analysis accounted for 83.61% of the total variability and could adequately replace the original four indices which had overlapped information. To obtain the drought tolerance compre- hensive evaluation D-value, the principal comp

关 键 词：大豆 苗期 耐旱性 综合评价 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]