大豆玉米“扩行增密”带状复种技术在山西应用初探  

Application of 'Entend Row and Higher Density' Strip Compound Planting System of Soybean-Maize in Shanxi Province

作　　者：刘小荣[1] 马俊奎[1] 刘学义[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所,山西太原030009

出　　处：《大豆科学》2017年第5期720-726,共7页Soybean Science

基　　金：基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-04-CES15)

摘　　要：为确定大豆玉米"扩行增密"带状复种技术在山西的增产效果及筛选适宜的大豆品种,应用大豆品种汾豆78与玉米品种大丰30研究了山西省传统玉米大豆套作模式与大豆玉米"扩行增密"带状复种技术对比,应用大豆品种汾豆78、79、56、92及93与玉米品种大丰30进行了大豆新品种筛选。测定了大豆苗期、盛花期、结荚期的叶绿素含量和干物质积累,大豆成熟后的品质,大豆玉米成熟后的植株性状和产量。结果表明:大豆玉米"扩行增密"带状复种技术与传统套作模式相比,带状复种技术下大豆植株总叶绿素、籽粒蛋白质及油脂含量更高,蛋白质和油脂含量分别为42.28%和19.84%,大豆与玉米产量分别为531.0和9 514.5 kg·hm^(-2),分别增产6.6%和70.7%。大豆新品种筛选结果显示,汾豆93在植株生长后期干物质及叶绿素含量最高,植株性状最佳,成熟后籽粒的品质最好,蛋白质和油脂含量分别为44.08%和20.2%,玉米大豆综合产量最高,大豆和玉米的产量分别为894.0及10 550.7 kg·hm-2,比对照组分别增产了68.7%和10.9%。表明这种大豆玉米"扩行增密"带状复种技术适合在山西省生态环境条件下应用推广,汾豆93与大丰30是"扩行增密"带状复种模式较好的搭配品种。In order to investigate the application of ‘entend row and higher density＇ strip compound planting system of soy- bean-maize in Shanxi province, and screen out suitable soybean cuhivars, we carried out a contrastive study of ＇ extend row and higher density＇ strip compound planting system of soybean-maize and the traditional interplanting mode in Shanxi which used Fendou 78 and Dafeng 30, and selected five cuhivars Fendou 78, 79, 56, 92 and 93 suitable for the strip compound planting system. Then we determined the chlorophyll content, dry matter accumulation of soybean at seedling stage, flowering stage and seed filling period. The plant traits, the seed quality of soybean and yields of maize and soybean were ＇also deter- mined. The results showed that the ‘entend row and higher density＇ strip compound planting system of soybean-maize signifi- cantly increased the chlorophyll content of plants and seed quality of soybean. The protein content was 42. 28% and the fat content was 19. 84%. The yield of soybean and maize was 531.0 and 9 514. 5 kg-ha-1, which increased by 6. 6% and 70. 7% than control, respectively. The dry matter and chlorophyll content in the plants of Fendou 93 were higher than that in other four soybean cuhivars, the biological traits and seed quality were also better. The protein and content was 44. 08% and 20. 2%, respectively. As for the yields of soybean and maize, 894. 0 and 10 550. 7 kg-ha-1 being the most, which respec- tively increased by 68.7% and 10. 9%. The results indicated that the ‘entend row and higher density＇ strip compound plant- ing system of soybean-maize could be applied in Shanxi province. Fendou 93 and Dafeng 30 was a better variety group for the ‘entend row and higher density＇ strip compound planting system of soybean-maize.

关 键 词：大豆 玉米 带状复种 山西 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]