不同空气质量等级下环境空气颗粒物及其碳组分变化特征  

Characteristics of Particulate Matter and Carbonaceous Species in Ambient Air at Different Air Quality Levels

作　　者：方小珍 吴琳 张静 李怀瑞 毛洪钧 宋从波 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,城市交通污染防治研究中心,天津300071 [2]廊坊市海宏环保科技有限公司,廊坊065000

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第9期3569-3574,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国际科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC23B02);科技基础性工作专项(2013FY112700-05)

摘　　要：为研究不同空气质量等级下环境空气颗粒物及其碳组分变化特征,于2016年3月在廊坊市对环境空气中PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)和PM1质量浓度及PM_(2.5)中碳组分质量浓度进行了在线监测.结果表明,监测期间廊坊市PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)和PM1质量浓度较高,其分别为204.1、107.9和87.8μg·m^(-3),日变化趋势呈双峰型分布.总体来说,当空气质量越好,PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、PM1及其碳组分(OC、EC、SOC和POC)质量浓度越低,PM1/PM_(2.5)、PM1/PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)/PM_(10)比值越小.但"中度污染"时,PM_(10)质量浓度最高,且PM1/PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)/PM_(10)达到谷底值;同时OC质量浓度比"轻度污染"略低,而明显低于"重度污染",且主要出现在13:00~23:00,表明"中度污染"时细颗粒物和超细颗粒物占比下降,与其对应的首要污染物相一致.此外,OC/EC比值大于2.0,通过最小OC/EC比值法估算PM_(2.5)中SOC和POC,其浓度均值分别为12.2μg·m^(-3)和5.0μg·m^(-3).This study describes the characteristics of particulate matter and carbonaceous species at different air quality levels. The concentrations of PM10,PM2.5,PM1,and carbonaceous species in PM2.5were monitored on-line in Langfang City on March 1-22,2016. The PM10,PM2.5,and PM1 concentrations were 204. 1 μg·m^-3,107. 9 μg·m^-3,and 87. 8 μg·m^-3,respectively. Diurnal variations in particulate matter concentrations showed a bimodal distribution. In general,the mass concentrations of particulate matter and carbonaceous species（ OC,EC,SOC,and POC） and the ratios of PM1/PM10 and PM2.5/PM10 were lower on better air quality periods. However,the mass concentration of PM10 was the highest on moderately polluted times. The ratios of PM1/PM10 and PM2.5/PM10 reached minimum values on moderately polluted times. The mass concentration of OC was slightly lower in moderately polluted periods than slightly polluted times; it was significantly lower in moderately polluted periods compared to severely polluted time periods. Hourly concentrations of OC and EC were lower between the hours of 13： 00 and 23： 00 compared to slightly polluted and severely polluted periods. The proportion of PM2.5and PM1 decreased in moderately polluted time periods,consistent with the corresponding primary pollutants. Besides,the value of OC/EC was larger than 2. 0. The concentrations of SOC and POC estimated using the minimum OC/EC ratio were 12. 2 μg·m^-3 and 5. 0 μg·m^-3,respectively.

关 键 词：空气质量等级 颗粒物 碳组分 在线监测 廊坊市 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]