高原气候对人体热适应的影响研究  

Research on Influences of Plateau Climate on Thermal Adaptation of Human Body

作　　者：闫海燕[1,2] 李洪瑞[2] 陈静[2] 杨柳[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学,生态建筑与环境构建河南省工程实验室,河南焦作454000 [2]河南理工大学,建筑与艺术设计学院,河南焦作454000 [3]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《建筑科学》2017年第8期29-34,共6页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目“干热和湿热气候特征对人体热适应的作用机理研究”(51408198);河南省科技攻关项目“豫北农村被动式低能耗建筑设计方法研究”(162102310421);河南理工大学博士基金“基于气候适应的室内动态热环境参数研究”(B2014-058);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目“基于气候适应的中原农村住宅建筑节能设计方法研究”(2015M570818)

摘　　要：以青藏高原低压高寒气候的代表城市拉萨为研究对象,通过环境测试和热舒适的问卷调查,分析拉萨住宅建筑冬夏两季室内热环境及不同性别人群的热反应特点。分析结果表明:虽然女性冬季的服装热阻要高于男性,但冬季女性比男性感觉更冷;低压环境中男性热中性温度要低于女性,温度越低,男女中性温度的差值越大。拉萨居民对高原低压气候环境的热适应主要体现在对低压缺氧环境的生理适应、较强的太阳辐射带来的心理期望和对高寒气候的行为适应上。研究结果有助于揭示低压高寒环境下的人体热适应机理,同时对高原气候的热舒适标准制定有参考价值。The paper studied the residential buildings in Lhasa with typical low-pressure and plateau climate and analyzed the indoor thermal environments in winter,summer and different thermal responses between different genders through questionnaire survey on the field measurement and thermal comfort. The results showed that women feel colder in winter than the men do although they wear more than mendo. In the low-pressure environment,the neutral temperatures of men are lower than women and that the lower the temperature,the greater the temperature difference between the genders. The thermal adaptation of Lhasa residents to the plateau climate is mainly reflected in the physiological adaptation to the low-pressure hypoxia environment,the psychological expectations resulted from the intense solar radiation and the behavior adaptation to the cold climate. These findings are helpful to reveal the mechanism of human thermal adaption to the plateau climate and provide a reference for the thermal comfort standard of the plateau climate

关 键 词：高原气候 住宅建筑 热环境 中性温度 热适应 

分 类 号：TU834.2[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]