不同品种接穗对油茶高接换冠后产量及经济性状的影响  

Effects of different varieties of scion on yield and economic characters after top grafting of Camellia oleifera

作　　者：符泽华[1,2,3] 段伟华 渠心静[1,2,3] 黄丽媛 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学经济林育种与栽培国家林业局重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [3]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与利用湖南省高校‘2011’协同创新中心,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2017年第10期75-79,共5页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：湖南省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2015NK3024)

摘　　要：为了探讨不同品种接穗对油茶高接换冠后树体生长和果实品质的影响,评价高接换冠效果,以4个油茶良种‘华硕’、‘华金’、‘华鑫’和‘湘林XLC15’作为接穗,测定了高接换冠后油茶成活率、新稍生长量、果实产量及经济性状。结果表明:4个不同品种接穗嫁接后成活率达80%以上,其中以油茶良种‘华鑫’的嫁接成活率最高(为91%);新稍长度由高到低依次为:‘华金’>‘华硕’>‘湘林XLC15’>‘华鑫’,新稍粗度大小依次为:‘华硕’>‘华金’>‘湘林XLC15’>‘华鑫’;4个接穗品种中‘华硕’的单果质量最大,其质量分别是‘华金’、‘华鑫’、‘湘林XLC15’的1.15、1.04和1.84倍;平均单株产量最高的是‘华鑫’为5.94 kg。其次是‘华硕’为5.87 kg;出籽率最高的是‘华鑫’,含油率最高的是‘华金’;单株产量与果径、果高、干出籽率以及单果重均呈显著正相关,说明果形、出籽率、单果重是判定油茶产量的重要指标。综上所述,采用上述4个品种进行高接换冠后,显著提高了油茶产量和果实品质,可促进油茶效益的提高。In order to investigate the effects of different varieties of scion on the growth and fruit quality of Camellia oleifera after top grafting, the best grafting varieties suitable for high grafting of Camellia oleifera were selected. In this paper, the 4 varieties Camellia oleifera of ＇Huashuo＇ , ＇Huajin＇ , ＇Huaxin＇ and ＇XLC15＇ were used as scion, the survival rate, growth rate, fruit yield and economic characters of Camellia oleifera were determined. The results showed that 4 different varieties of scion survival rate reached more than 80%, of which ＇Huaxin＇ camellia seed grafting survival rate of up to 91%. A new length from high to low is： ＇Huajin＇ 〉 ＇Huashuo＇ 〉 ＇XLC15＇ 〉 ＇Huaxin＇ , a new slightly rough size as follows： ＇Huashuo＇ 〉 ＇Huajin＇ 〉 ＇XLC 15＇ 〉 ＇Huaxin＇ . The fruit weight of ＇Huashuo＇ in the 4 varieties was the largest, and the quality of the fruit was ＇Huajin＇ , ＇Huaxin＇ , ＇XLC15＇ of 1.15, 1.04 and 1.84 times, respectively. The average yield per plant is ＇Huaxin＇ 5.94 kg. The second is ＇Huashuo＇ 5.87 kg. The highest seed yield is ＇Huaxin＇ , the highest oil content is ＇Huajin＇ . Per plant yield and fruit diameter, fruit height, dry seed yield and fruit weight were significantly correlated, indicating fruit shape, seed rate, fruit weight is an important indicator to determine the yield of Camellia oleifera. In summary, by using the above 4 varietiesto top grafting, the yield and fruit quality of Camellia oleifera were significantly improved.

关 键 词：油茶 高接换冠 产量 经济性状 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]