含磷本质阻燃水性聚氨酯及其膨胀防火涂料的应用  

Application on Intrinsically Phosphorous Flame Retardant Waterborne Polyurethane and Intumescent Fire-Proofing Coatings

作　　者：范一凡 李向梅[1] 杨荣杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学材料学院国家阻燃材料技术研究中心,北京100081

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2017年第9期133-140,共8页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2013AA032003);北京市科技创新基金(1214c26211100012)

摘　　要：以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚丙二元醇(PPG)为单体,以二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和含磷阻燃剂FR-6为扩链剂,制备不同组分的含磷本质阻燃水性聚氨酯(FPU)。再以聚磷酸铵(APP)、双季戊四醇(DPER)、三聚氰胺(MEL)为膨胀阻燃体系制备出钢结构水性防火涂料。采用红外光谱、热重分析、力学测试、锥形量热、背面温度、扫描电镜、炭层强度和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分别对乳胶膜和涂层进行了分析。研究表明,随着阻燃剂FR-6用量的提高,乳胶膜和涂层的最大热分解速率下降,残留质量提高。乳胶膜的拉伸强度提高,断裂伸长率降低。在阻燃剂FR-6含量为15%时,涂层的热释放速率最低,残炭强度最大,背部稳定温度为185.7℃。同时XPS表明残炭中残留了更多的P、N元素,耐火性能提高。Five different components phosphorus-containing intrinsically flame retardant waterborne polyurethanes （FPU） were synthesized by combining FR-6 reacted with toluene diisocynate （TDI） and poly （propylene glycol） （PPG）. Based on the FPU emulsion matrix, ammonium polyphosphate （APP）, poly dipentaerythritol （DPER）, melamine （MEL） as intumescent flame retardant system were added for preparing steel structure fire-proofing waterborne coatings. FT-IR, TGA, mechanical properties, cone calorimeter, back temperature, SEM, char strength and XPS, were used to characterize the properties of polyurethane film and coatings. The research show that the maximum thermal decomposition rate of the polyurethane film and coatings decreases with the increase of the FR-6 content. The residual char is improved at 800 ℃. The tensile strength increases, while the elongation at break has the opposite tendency. The heat release rate of the coating is lowest, and the char strength is the maximum, and the back stable temperature is 185.7 ℃ at 15% FR-6 combined. At the same time, the XPS comfirms that more N and P elements left can improve the fire resistance of fire-proofing coating.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 阻燃 防火涂料 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]