数值天气预报模式物理过程参数化方案的研究进展  

Research Progress on Physical Parameterization Schemes in Numerical Weather Prediction Models

作　　者：马雷鸣[1,2,3] 鲍旭炜 

机构地区：[1]上海中心气象台,上海200030 [2]中国气象局上海台风研究所,上海200030 [3]上海市气象与健康重点实验室,上海200030

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2017年第7期679-687,共9页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"对流层中层大气影响深对流发展的关键物理机制和参数化研究"(编号:41475059);国家重点研发计划项目"我国东部城市群污染天气观测及大数据平台建设"(编号:2016YFC0201900)资助~~

摘　　要：数值天气预报模式对天气过程发展的物理描述主要通过物理过程参数化实现,因此,物理过程参数化方案的发展一直是国际研究热点,也是数值模式改进的难点。在阐述对流、云微物理和边界层等主要物理参数化方案的理论基础和发展历史的基础上,指出在高分辨率模式网格条件下的物理过程参数化方案改进将是未来数值模式发展的核心问题。随着高性能计算能力的迅速发展,目前业务模式网格距已逐渐精细到小于10 km,但模式所使用的物理过程参数化方案大多并未针对高分辨率网格设计,其理论假设的适用性值得商榷。根据目前国际研究趋势,探讨了今后物理过程参数化方案研究改进的重点方向。Atmospheric physics in numerical weather prediction model which predominantly determines the e- volution of atmospheric processes is mainly described by physical parameterization. As a result, the development of physical par4meterization has been a hot research issue in the area of numerical prediction for a long time. In this regard, the theoretical background and history of physical parameterization schemes for convection, microphysics, and planetary boundary layer, were reviewed in this study. It is suggested that the advance of physical parameter- ization for the model with high-resolution grid spaces should be considered as a principle issue for numerical model development in the future. Although the gird spaces in current operational numerical models generally decrease toward 10 km owing to the rapid development of high-performance computation, yet most of these schemes are designed for coarse grid spaces. Because of this kind of deficiency, the theoretical basis of these schemes inevitably faces controversy. Directions for development of physical parameterization were also suggested according to the trends of research in numerical prediction.

关 键 词：数值模式 云物理参数化 对流参数化 边界层参数化 

分 类 号：P456.7[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]