基于悬移质泥沙分布理论的泥沙扬动流速公式  

Sediment Suspension Velocity Formula Based on Suspended Sediment Concentration Distribution Theory

作　　者：罗诗琦 LUO Shiqi(Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《人民黄河》2017年第9期13-17,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：内蒙古水利科技重点项目;国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC04022500)

摘　　要：扬动流速是泥沙由间歇性滚动、滑动、跳跃运动转化为悬浮运动的临界流速,确定扬动流速对于预判沙质河床冲淤状态具有重要意义。在回顾前人研究成果的基础上,认为扬动流速概念适用的对象主要是非黏性沙质颗粒,它们的扬动状态同含沙量垂线分布图形存在的关系较为清晰,从而依据张红武及张罗号先后建立的含沙量垂线分布公式分别计算了不同悬浮指标下相对含沙量为0.85时的相对水深,得到一定水流条件下的颗粒悬浮高度拟合关系式,再通过假定泥沙扬动的临界状态为颗粒实际离开床面的运动高度已达相对水深0.03,即可得出泥沙扬动流速公式。通过与沙玉清和张罗号扬动流速公式的比较以及沙质河床实测水沙资料的检验,结果表明本文建立的泥沙扬动流速公式能较好地描述天然河流的泥沙扬动规律。The suspension velocity is the critical velocity at which the sediment is converted frombedload movement to suspended movement and it is important to determine the riverbed erosion and siltation. On the basis of reviewing the previous research results, the concept of par- ticle size was suitable for non-viscous sediment particles. The results of the comparison with the predecessor formula and the measured data showed that the formula established in this paper could describe the law of sediment in natural rivers. Based on vertical distribution of sedi- ment formulas of Zhang Luohao and Zhang Hongwu, the relative depth was calculated in different suspension indexes （the relative sediment concentration is 0.85） and we obtained the relationship between particle suspension height fitting under certain conditions. By assuming that the critical state of the sedimentation suspension was the height of the particles that had left the bed reached 0.03 of relative depth, sediment suspension velocity formula was established. The results of the comparison with the predecessor formula and the measured data show that the formula established in this paper can describe the law of sediment in natural rivers.

关 键 词：悬浮指标 垂线分布 含沙量 相对水深 临界流速 扬动流速 泥沙 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]