黄土高原旱区农户苹果园生草的经济效益分析  

Analysis of economic efficiency of mulching orchards in Loess Plateau

作　　者：蒋成芳 张文娥 王龙刚 沈禹颖[1] 刘兴元[1] 王先之[1] JIANG Cheng-fang ZHANG Wen-e WANG Long-gang SHEN Yu-ying LIU Xing-yuan WANG Xian-zhi(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology ,Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020 Chin)

机构地区：[1]草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2017年第4期47-53,共7页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD14B006)资助

摘　　要：以甘肃省庆阳市和天水市苹果种植户为对象,采用问卷调查方法,研究了种植户的苹果园覆盖方式(生草、覆膜、清耕)、树龄、投入产出等项目,分析了3种覆盖方式下果园的物质服务费用、用工投入、苹果产出,并采用净现值法计算了3种覆盖方式下果园生命周期内的净收益。结果表明:生草果园建园和幼树抚育时期的投入均高于覆膜和清耕果园;成龄果园生草后,其肥料、农药、除草剂及施肥、打药、锄草、其他用工投入均低于清耕果园。因此,生草覆盖是提高旱区果园净现值的有效管理模式。The information about orchard age,coverage,input and output under 2 mulching materials（grass and common plastic film）was collected using questionnaire survey,with no mulching as control,in Qingyang City and Tianshui City,Gansu Province.The net present value method was be used to analyze the net income of the orchard by analyzing service fee,labor cost and apple selling income.The results indicated that the input cost in apple plantation and maintenance in orchards with grass mulching was clearly higher than that with no mulching and plastic mulching.The cost of fertilizer,pesticides,herbicides and others in orchards with grass mulching was clearly lower than that with no mulching.The orchards with grass mulching was the best choice as considering the net present value.

关 键 词：果园生草 农户 经济效益 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]