广州市微波辐射作业人员健康状况调查  

Investigation on health status of workers occupational exposed to microware radiation in Guangzhou

作　　者：周海林[1] 周浩[1] 舒友梅[1] 许启荣[1] 刘鑫[1] 张海宏[1] 刘移民[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市职业病防治院,广东广州510620

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2017年第1期55-57,共3页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：广州市医药卫生科技一般引导项目(编号:20141A011046);广州市医药卫生科技重大项目(编号:2009-ZDa-01);广州市科技计划重大项目(编号:2010GN-E00221)

摘　　要：[目的]了解广州部分企业微波辐射接触对作业人员健康状况的影响。[方法]对2012-2014年9家使用微波辐射仪器装置的参加职业健康检查的工人进行分类,收集单纯接触微波的511名工人资料,并与上述企业中没有任何职业危害接触记录的231名员工进行比较。[结果]微波接触组男性341例,女性170例,年龄21~52岁,平均(28.67±7.14)岁,平均接触工龄(9.71±4.60)年非接触组男性154例,女性77例,年龄21~54岁,平均(29.02±5.65)岁。接触组接触强度(0.98~18.20)μW/cm^2,中位数值为7.88μW/cm^2。接触组心电图异常检出率与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);接触组的外周静脉血RBC、Hb均值比对照组低差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结果]微波接触组的平均接触工龄为9.71年,接触强度中位数值为7.88μW/cm^2;接触组的心电图异常检出率与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),接触组的外周静脉血RBC、Hb均值比对照组低差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]低强度的微波辐射可对机体健康产生影响,尤其对心脏、外周血的影响不容忽视应加强微波辐射安全防护知识宣传并采取有效的防护措施。[Objective]To observe the adverse effect of occupational microwave exposure on the health status of workers in some enterprises in Guangzhou.[Methods]The occupational health examination data of workers in 8 pharmaceutical and a rail transit enterprises during 2012-2014 in our hospital was processed.The data of 511 workers merely exposed to microwave radiation and231 workers without any exposure to known occupational hazards was abstracted and evaluated.[Results]The age of exposed workers（male 341 and female 170） varied from 21 to 52 with average（28.67 ± 7.14）years old,while the exposure time varied from 1 to 37 with average（9.71 ± 4.60）years.The age of non-exposed workers（male 154 and female 77） varied from21 to 54 with average（29.02 ± 5.65）years old.The exposed intensity of microwave radiation of these workers varied from 0.98-18.20μW/cm^2（median,7.88 μW/cm^2）.The ECG examination showed that the abnormality of exposed workers was significant higher,such as sinus bradycardia or arrhythmia（P 〈 0.05）.The blood examination showed that RBC and Hb level of exposed workers were significant lower（P 〈 0.05）.[Conclusion]Long term exposure to low intensity microwave radiation maybe affect the health of the occupational workers and more attention should be paid to control and prevention of microwave radiation exposure.

关 键 词：微波辐射 健康检查 低剂量 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]