热处理工艺对泡沫6061铝合金吸能性能的影响  

Effects of heat treatment process on energy absorption of 6061 aluminum alloy foams

作　　者：杨旭东[1] 张震 何小垒 杜娟 

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学中欧航空工程师学院,天津300300

出　　处：《材料热处理学报》2017年第9期49-57,共9页Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51301198);中央高校基本科研业务费中国民航大学专项(3122013H004)

摘　　要：采用填加造孔剂法制备开孔泡沫6061铝合金,利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、数字图像相关技术(DIC)研究了热处理工艺对泡沫铝合金微观结构和吸能性能的影响。结果表明:固溶温度对泡沫铝合金吸能性能起主要影响,时效温度影响较小,固溶时间和时效时间的影响则不明显。经T6热处理(510℃固溶,190℃时效)后,基体内有明显的第二相析出,对材料吸能性能起到良好增强效果;DIC技术可以直观分析泡沫铝压缩过程中的表面应变场变化和试样裂纹扩展过程,并且与力学测试结果一致。The open-cell 6061 aluminum alloy foams were prepared by space-holder method.The effects of different heat treatment processes on microstructure and energy absorption properties of the 6061 aluminum alloy foams were investigated by means of optical microscope,scanning electron microscopy and digital image correlation（ DIC）.The results show that the solid solution temperature has the main influence on the energy absorption property of the 6061 aluminum alloy foams,but the aging temperature has little influence on it,and the influence of the solution time and aging time is not obvious.After T6 heat treatment process（ 510 ℃ solid solution treatment,190 ℃ aging treatment）,some precipitate phases are observed in the aluminum alloy foam matrix,which can play a good role in enhancing the energy absorption properties of the foams.DIC technique can be used to analyze the surface strain field and the crack propagation process in the process of aluminum foam compression,and accord with the mechanical test results.

关 键 词：泡沫铝合金 热处理 数字图像相关技术 能量吸收 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]