2014年湘西州农村土家族和苗族中学生健康危险行为聚集模式的性别差异  

Gender differences in cluster pattern of health-risk behaviors among rural middle school students in Tujia-Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Xiangxi

作　　者：张福兰[1] 张天成[1] 熊静梅[1] 陈景[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉首大学体育科学学院,吉首416000

出　　处：《卫生研究》2017年第5期767-771,共5页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(No.17YJA880098);吉首大学人文社会科学研究项目(No.16SKA024);湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会一般课题(No.XSP17YBZZ099)

摘　　要：目的探讨湘西州农村中学生健康危险行为聚集模式的性别差异及特点。方法于2014年采用分层整群随机抽样法从湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州抽取4个县8所农村中学1974名土家族和苗族中学生(男生896人,女生1078人;土家族1020人,苗族954人),对其偏食、吸烟、饮酒、自杀意念、网络成瘾、非安全游泳等健康危险行为进行问卷调查。以11种主要健康危险行为作为聚类指标,首先采用层次聚类法对男、女学生分别进行聚类分析,确定男、女学生最佳聚类数均为4类。然后采用两步聚类法进行分析,得到男、女学生4类危险行为聚集模式组的特点。结果低危险组男生262人(29.2%),女生215人(19.9%);较低危险组男生268人(29.9%),女生365人(33.9%);中度危险组男生217人(24.2%),女生264人(24.5%);高危险组男生149人(16.6%),女生234人(21.7%)。男生饮酒高发(97.7%)的中度危险组与吸烟(67.3%)、打架(63.6%)、非安全游泳(66.4%)等行为聚集,女生孤独高发(45.1%)的中度危险组与偏食(65.2%)、步行违规(50.4%)等行为聚集。高危险组中所有的男生和92.7%的女生发生过≥4种危险行为。结论湘西州农村中学生各危险行为聚集模式组存在性别差异。其中,中度危险组中男生以饮酒为标志性行为,女生以孤独为标志性行为。高危险组中大部分危险行为高发,呈现"外显问题行为和内隐性行为"的高度聚集现象。Objective To investigate the gender differences in cluster pattern of health risk behaviors among rural middle school students in Tujia-Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Xiangxi. Methods By the method of layered,random and total sampling,questionnaire survey about dietary bias,smoking,alcohol drinking,suicidal ideation,internet addiction and non-secure swimming was taken to 1974 students of eight middle schools from rural areas in four counties of Tujia-Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Xiangxi,Hunan Province in 2014. In 11 kinds of health risk behaviors as the clustering index,first by using the hierarchical clusteringmethod for male and female students were clusteranalysis,determine the optimal cluster number of male and female students were 4 class,then the two step cluster analysis,get the male and female students in 4 types of dangerous behavior clustering patterns of group characteristics. Results Among the survey of 896 boys and 1078 girls,the boys in the low risk group were composed of 262 people,the ratio was 29. 2%,the girls were composed of 215 people,the ratio was 19. 9%; the boys in the lower risk group were composed of 268 people,the ratio was 29. 9%,the girls were composed of 365 people,the ratio was 33. 9%; the boys with highest incidence of drinking in the moderate risk group were composed of 217 people,the ratio was 24. 2%,the girls with highest incidence of lonely were composed of 264 people,the ratio was24. 5%; the boys in the highest risk group were composed of 149 people,the ratio was16. 6%,the girls were composed of 234 people,the ratio was 21. 7%. In the moderate risk group,boys with highest incidence of drinking（ 97. 7%） were always accompanied with behaviors like smoking（ 67. 3%）, fighting（ 63. 6%）, non-secure swimming（ 66. 4%）; girls with highest incidence of lonely（ 45. 1%） in the moderate risk group also had behaviors like partial eclipse（ 65. 2%）,pedestrian violation（ 50. 4%） and the like. The total boys and 92. 7% of girls have more than 4 kinds of health-risk be

关 键 词：农村 中学生 健康危险行为 聚集模式 聚类分析 

分 类 号：C913.5[经济管理] R179[社会学]