种植密度和行距配置对紫花苜蓿群体产量及品质的影响  

Effect of row spacing and planting density on the yield and quality of Medicago sativa

作　　者：魏永鹏[1] 南丽丽[1] 于闯[1] 付双军 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草业科学》2017年第9期1898-1905,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：农业部行业专项子课题(201403048-8);国家自然科学基金(31460630;41163002);甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2014A-055)

摘　　要：以甘肃省主栽品种甘农3号紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa cv.Gannong No.3)为研究对象,研究了甘肃荒漠灌区播种量(12,16,20和24kg·hm-2)和行距配置[3种等行距10、15和20cm,2种宽窄行距6行×10cm(窄)+40cm(宽)和6行×10cm(窄)+30cm(宽)]对其干草产量、茎叶比及营养成分的影响。结果表明,不同的行距处理中,20cm行距的苜蓿干草产量显著高于15、10cm和两种宽窄行距(P<0.05);不同的播种量处理中,播种量为16kg·hm-2的苜蓿年总干草产量显著大于20、24和12kg·hm-2(P<0.05)。播种量为16kg·hm-2、行距为20cm时,初花期苜蓿粗蛋白、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、钙、磷含量分别为21.89%、3.59%、33.69%、30.98%、1.34%、0.11%,其粗蛋白含量和年干草产量(32 841.71kg·hm-2)显著高于其它处理(P<0.05)。从产量和营养品质综合考虑,该地区播种量为16kg·hm-2、行距为20cm是高产、稳产的最佳配置。本研究结果对苜蓿的栽培与管理有一定的指导意义。This report describes the effects of seed sowing rate and row spacing on yield, stem ： leaf ratio and nutrient composition of Medicago sativa cv. Gannong No. 3 grown in the arid desert region of Gansu. Total yield was the highest when row spacing was 20 cm, which was significantly higher than other spacing of 15, 10 cm, and two kinds of wide and narrow row spacing of planting rows. Total yield was also significantly higher at a seeding rate of 16 kg ·ha^-1 compared to other seeding rates of 20, 24 and 12 kg ·ha^-1. Crude protein, crude fat, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, calcium, and phosphorus contents were 21.89%, 3.59%, 33.69%, 30.98%, 1.34%, and 0.11% at early flowering stage, respectively. Total yield was 3.28 t·ha^-1 and the total crude protein content was 21.89%, and both these were significantly higher at 16 kg ·ha^-1 seeding rate and 20 cm row spacing compared to all other treatments. Therefore, this may be the optimal combination, as it scored the highest in grey relational analysis on the comprehensive evaluation of major nutrients. These re- sults offer valuable guidance for cultivation and management of alfalfa.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 行距配置 播种量 荒漠绿洲 灰色关联分析 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]