黑孢块菌与华山松合成菌根苗技术初探  

Study on Mycorrization of Pinus armandii with Tuber melanosporum

作　　者：苏开美[1] 张小雷[1] 李富民 李娥贤[1] 李树红[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所,云南昆明650223 [2]陆良县林业局,云南陆良655604

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2017年第5期21-23,共3页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：基金项目:云南省环保厅(2016012);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS20)

摘　　要：黑孢块菌(Tuber melanosporum Vittad.)是经济价值较高的菌根食用菌。通过对黑孢块菌与华山松(Pinus armandii Franch.)合成菌根苗的技术进行研究,结果显示,用黑孢块菌孢子液接种华山松树苗后,第7个月可观测到黄褐色外生菌根。外生菌根为单轴状或二叉分支状,单根菌根长0.3 mm^4 mm,直径为0.3 mm^0.5 mm,表面呈马赛克镶嵌结构,其外延菌丝为透明、半透明,呈近直角的分枝。菌根老化后变红褐色或萎缩。菌根表面呈马赛克镶嵌结构、外延菌丝有近直角的分枝是黑孢块菌与华山松形成菌根的最重要形态特征。Tuber melanosporum Vittad. is a mycorrizal mushroom with high economic value. In this paper, production of mycorrhizal seedings of Pinus armandii Franch. with T. melanosporum was studied. The results showed that T. rnelanosporum formed ectomycorrhizae on the root tips of P. arrnondii in seven months after inoculation. Ectomycorrhizae were yellowish-brown and became red-bown and atrophied after aging. The ectomycorrhizae was monopodial and binary branch with 0.3 mm-0.5 mm in diameter and 0.3 mm-4 mm in length, the surface was mosaic structure, and the emanating hyphae were transparent and translucent, with a branch of nearly right angle. The mosaic surface and emanating hyphae with right angle branching are very important morphological characters of the mycorrhizae formed by T. melanosporum and P. armandii.

关 键 词：黑孢块菌 华山松 显微结构 共生真菌 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学] S791.241[农业科学—园艺学]