德国儿童与青少年健康访查调研项目(KiGGS)的构建与启示  

The Design of the Germany Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents(KiGGS) Study

作　　者：尹晓峰[1,2] 刘志民[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育休闲与艺术学院,上海200438 [2]上海体育科学研究所信息研究中心,上海200030

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2017年第5期12-21,共10页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：上海市体育局科技雏鹰计划资助项目(14CY006)

摘　　要：德国是欧洲开展居民综合健康监测较早的国家之一,2003年建立的"德国儿童与青少年健康访查调研项目(KiGGS)"是在前期成年人综合健康状况长期追踪研究的基础上开展的又一项针对0~17岁人群体质健康状况研究的调查体系。通过对该体系的构建背景、研究设计、调查方法以及测试项目等内容进行分析和解读,发现在儿童和青少年健康监测体系构建、监测研究设计、监测质量控制以及监测项目扩展等几个方面的系统性、科学性和应用性是德国儿童青少年健康监测体系中最为明显的特征。鉴于德国在该领域研究的具体实践与丰富经验,认为:1)我国儿童和青少年健康监测体系的完善需要加速开展多学科交叉研究,形成多维度的指标评价体系;2)在注重各研究的横向拓展及纵深挖掘的同时,强调研究成果的"无缝衔接"和"快速落地";3)确保大样本调查实施中的健康监测质量管理与控制;4)加快大平台搭建后的社会资源整合与国际间交流合作。Germany is one of the earlier countries in Europe to carry out comprehensive health monitoring for residents. The German Children and Adolescent Health Access Survey Project （KiGGS） was established on the basis of a long-term follow-up study on the comprehensive health status of pre-adults, which is an investigation system of health status for the 0 to 17-year-old population. In this paper, the background of the system, research design, survey methods and test items of KiGGS were analyzed and interpreted. It is found that the systematic, scientific and applicability of children and adolescent health monitoring system in the construction, monitoring research design, monitoring quality control and monitoring project expansion are the most obvious features of KiGGS. In view of Germany＇ s specific practice and experience in this field, it is believed that the improvement of the health monitoring system for children and adolescents in China needs to accelerate the multidisciplinary research and form a multidimensional index evaluation system; To focus on the combination of longitudinal research and horizontal research, and the transformation of research results; To ensure that the implementation of large sample survey health monitoring quality management and control; To speed up the integration of large platform after the integration of social resources and international exchanges and cooperation.

关 键 词：健康中国 儿童和青少年 德国 健康监测 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]