特异性吸气肌准备活动改善女子足球运动员肌氧含量和间歇冲刺运动能力  

Specific Inspiratory Muscle Warm-up Improved Muscle Oxygen Content and Interval Sprint Exercise Performance in Female Football Players

作　　者：史明政[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学体育与艺术部,北京100048

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2017年第5期60-68,共9页China Sport Science and Technology

摘　　要：目的:探讨特异性吸气肌准备活动(IMW)对女子足球运动员肌氧含量和运动能力的影响。方法:设计单盲、随机、交叉实验,即16名女子足球运动员分别进行3次实验(每次间隔72 h),对照组(CON组)仅进行一般性准备活动,安慰剂组(PLA组)和实验组(IMW组)在进行一般性准备活动的同时,施加2组、每组30次的特异性吸气肌准备活动,强度分别为15%和40%最大吸气压(PImax)。利用6 min亚极量蹬车实验(负荷分别为70%和85%VO_2max)和高强度间歇冲刺实验(6×10 s,60 s间歇)测定受试者的运动能力,利用肺量计测定PImax,利用近红外线光谱术(NIRS)监测运动实验过程中股外侧肌肌氧含量的变化。结果:与安静时比较,准备活动后IMW组PImax显著升高(P<0.05),CON组和PLA组无显著性变化(P>0.05)。运动实验过程中,IMW组股外侧肌氧合血红蛋白的变化(△HbO_2)和组织氧合指数的变化(△TSI)高于CON和PLA组(P<0.05),脱氧血红蛋白的变化(△HHb)则低于CON和PLA组(P<0.05)。亚极量蹬车实验时的生理反应在3组间无显著性差异(P>0.05),但高强度间歇冲刺实验时完成的运动负荷在IMW组高于CON组和PLA组(P<0.05),生理反应则低于CON组和PLA组(P<0.05)。结论:特异性IMW(40%PImax)可改善女子足球运动员吸气肌功能和运动时外周骨骼肌肌氧含量并提升间歇冲刺运动能力。Objective： To investigate the effects of specific inspiratory muscle warm-up （IMW） on muscle oxygen content and exercise performance in female football players. Methods： In a sin- gle-blind, randomized crossover experimental design of 16 female football players, the conlrol group （CON） performed a routine warm-up, the placebo group （PLA） and experimental group （IMW） conducted IMW of 2 sets, 30 times/set at 15% and 40% maximal inspiratory pressure （Plmax） respectively in addition to routine warm-up. Exercise performance was determined by 6-min submaximal cycling exercise （70% and 85% VO2max respectively）, high-intensity interval sprint test （6 ~ 10 s with 60 s recovery）. Change of vastus lateralis muscle oxygen content during exercise was measured by near-infrared spectroscopy （NIRS）. Results： Compared with rest, Plmax increased in IMW group after warm-up （P〈 0.05） while that of CON and PLA was no significant difference （P〉 0.05）. In exercise tests, AHbO2 and ATSI in vastus lateralis muscle of IMW group were significantly higher than those in PLA and CON groups （P〈 0.05）, although A HHb was lower than other groups （P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no significant difference of physiological responses during submaximal cycling exercise in three groups （P〉 0.05 ）, however, exercise load during high-intensity interval sprint test was higher while physiological response was lower in IMW group than that of CON and PLA groups （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion： Specific IMW （40%Plmax） could improve inspiratory muscle and periphery muscle oxygen content during exercise, as well as enhance interval sprint exercise performance.

关 键 词：吸气肌 准备活动 足球运动员 肌氧含量 运动能力 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]