不同性别护士对护理工作环境评价的对比研究  

Nurses' perception on nursing work environment:gender difference analysis

作　　者：李梦琦[1] 郑晶[1] 刘佳丽[1] 刘可[1] 尤黎明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学护理学院,广州市510080

出　　处：《中华护理杂志》2017年第9期1098-1103,共6页Chinese Journal of Nursing

摘　　要：目的比较广东省二、三级综合医院不同性别护士对护理工作环境的评价。方法采用护理工作环境量表对广东省二、三级综合医院3 456名护士进行护理工作环境评价的调查,采用倾向性评分匹配法控制混杂因素,比较不同性别护士对护理工作环境的评价。结果男护士在三级医院、ICU和急诊科工作的人数较多,年龄、工作年限均低于女护士,单身、无编制、初始学历为大专及以上的人数高于女护士。经倾向性评分匹配法均衡男、女护士的基线资料后,发现男护士医护合作关系、高质量服务基础、护理管理者能力与支持3个维度的评价低于女护士,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论广东省男护士人数较少,主要分布在三级医院,工作科室以ICU、急诊科为主;相比女护士,其年资低、合同制占比高、专业初始学历高。男护士对护理工作环境的评价较女护士低,尤其是对医护合作关系、保障护理质量的基础支持、护理管理者的能力等方面。Objective To compare the difference of perception on nursing work environment between male and female nurses in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province. Methods Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index was used to measure nurses＇ perception on nursing work environment. Propensity score matching was used to control confounders when comparing the gender difference of nurses＇ perception on nursing work environment. Results Totally 3 456 nurses in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province were surveyed,and 190 of them were male nurses who were distributed with a significant higher proportion in tertiary hospitals,ICUs and emergency departments. Compared with female nurses,male nurses were significantly younger in age ,had shorter working years and higher proportion of being single,contract employed,having associate degree or above for initial educational degree. Controlling confounders with propensity score matching,male nurses＇ perception on nursing work environment was significantly worse than females for three subscales：eollegial nurse-physician rela- tions,nursing foundations for quality of care,nurse manager ability,leadership,and support of nurses. Conclusion The proportion of male nurses in Guangdong Province should be raised. Distributed more in tertiary hospitals,ICUs and emergency departments,male nurses were characterized as being less experienced,more contract employed and having higher initial educational degree compared to female nurses. Worse perception on nursing work environment from male nurses indicated that nursing managers should attach more importance to male nurses to improve their orientation and in-service training,professional development support and collegial nurse-physician relations for their better perception on nursing work environment and retention.

关 键 词：护士 男 护理工作环境 倾向性评分匹配 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]