某页岩砖厂职业病危害因素检测与分析  

Detection and Analysis of Occupational Hazards in a Shale Brick Factory

作　　者：李军 阮兵 曾奇兵 杨光红 

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室/贵州医科大学公共卫生学院职业卫生与职业医学教研室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2017年第20期5-8,共4页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：目的了解某页岩砖厂生产过程存在的职业病危害因素,为职业病发防控提供科学依据。方法根据《工作场所空气中有害物质检测的采用规范》GBZ159-2004,选择代表性的岗位和工种为采样点,按照国家标准方法检测其生产性粉尘、噪声、高温、SO_2、NO_2、CO浓度或强调。结果该页岩砖厂生产过程中的主要职业病危害因素有生产性粉尘;化学性有害因素(一氧化碳、二氧化硫、氮氧化物等);物理性有害因素(噪声、高温等);11个工作岗位中,4个岗位呼吸性粉尘浓度超过国家标准;2个岗位游离Si O_2含量超过10%。8个噪声危害岗位中1个岗位噪声强度超过国家标准;1个岗位WBGT指数超过国家标准。SO_2、NO_2、CO浓度均未超过职业接触限值。结论该页岩砖厂部分作业岗位存在职业病危害因素超标问题,需加强作业场所机械抽风及适当的个人防护。Objective To understand the occupational hazards in the production process of a shale brick factory, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of occupational disease. Methods According to the standard of GBZ159-2004 for the detection of harmful substances in the air of workplace, the representative positions and types of work were selected as sampling points. The production dust, noise, high temperature, SO2, NO2 and CO concentrations or strength were measured according to the national standard method. Results The main occupational hazards in the production process of the shale brick factory were the productive dust, chemical harmful factors （carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, etc.）, physical harmful factors （noise, high temperature, etc.）. In the 11 workplaces, the respiratory dust concentration of 4 workplaces exceeded the national standard, the free SiO2 content of 2 workplaces exceeded 10%. In the 8 noise hazard workplaees, the noise intensity of 1 workplace exceeded the national standard; the WBGT index of 1 workplace exceeded the national standard. SO2, NO2, CO concentrations were not exceeded occupational exposure limits. Conclusion There are some problems of occupational hazards excessive in the shale brick factory, and it is necessary to strengthen the mechanical ventilation and proper personal protection in the workplace.

关 键 词：页岩砖厂 职业病危害因素 检测 分析 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]