泥河湾藉箕滩遗址土壤微生物的分离与系统发育分析  

Separation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Soil Microorganisms in Jijitan Ancient Site of Nihewan Basin

作　　者：吕春爽 崔艳美 梁思源[1] 水小溪[1] 赵亚超 李忠达 李越 赵宝华[1] 刘东[1] LYU Chunshuang CUI Yanmei LIANG Siyuan SHUI Xiaoxi ZHAO Yachao LI Zhongda LI Yue ZHAO Baohua LIU Dong(College of Life Science,Hebei Normal University,Het~ei Shijiazhuang 050024,Chin)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学生命科学学院,河北石家庄050024

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第5期440-447,共8页Journal of Hebei Normal University：Natural Science

基　　金：河北省教育厅优秀青年基金(YQ2014026);河北师范大学校内重点基金(L2016Z03)

摘　　要：采用平板稀释涂布法从泥河湾藉箕滩遗址土壤中分离微生物,结合菌株形态特征、生理生化特征及分子鉴定方法对分离到的微生物进行鉴定,以确定泥河湾藉箕滩遗址不同深度土层中微生物物种分布,为详细了解遗址土壤微生物物种多样性提供依据.结果表明:共分离鉴定到96株细菌、34株放线菌、15株真菌.根据同源性比对及构建系统发育进化树,确定细菌归属于芽孢杆菌属和短波单胞菌属;放线菌归属链霉菌属;真菌归属青霉属、曲霉属、被孢霉属和盐单胞菌藻.NHWB 1047,NHWA 1017,NHWF 1002等菌株与已知菌种相似度低于97%,可能为潜在新种.本研究首次从泥河湾藉箕滩遗址不同深度土层中分离鉴定微生物,是泥河湾考古研究的重要组成部分,为进一步了解史前时代生态环境提供了科学依据.In order to determine the distribution of the microbial species in soils from Jijitan ancient site in Nihewan basin,we investigated the species diversity of edaphon in different depths of soil layer. Microbi- al species were isdated from soil samples by dilution plate method. The pure cultures of microbial species were determined by morphological observation, physiological and biochemical characterization as well as 16SrDNA and 18SrDNA sequencing. 96 bacterial strains, 34 actinomycetes strains and 15 fungal strains were isolated and identified. Based on the results of homologous analysis of sequences and phylogenetic tree,the strains of bacteria belong to Bacillus sp. and Brevunrndimonas sp. ;the strains of actinomycetes belong to Streptomyces sp. ;and the strains of fungi belong to Penicillium spp. Aspergillus spp. , Mor- tierella spp. and Halomonas spp. The similarity of 16SrDNA and 18SrDNA sequences of strains NHWB 1047,NHWA 1017,and NHWF 1002 with known microbial species are less than 97%, suggesting that they may be potential new species. The study is the first time to isolate and identificate the microbial spe- cies in different depths of soil layer from Jijitan ancient site in Nihewan basin. The study is an important part of archaeological study of Nihewan, providing scientific data for us to further understand the prehistor- ic ecological environment.

关 键 词：泥河湾 微生物 物种分离 16SrDNA 扫描电镜观察 

分 类 号：S154.38[农业科学—土壤学]