磷对胡麻叶和蒴果皮中叶绿素质量分数、籽粒产量和品质的影响  

Effect of Phosphorus on Chlorophyll mass fraction in Leaves and Capsule Pericarps,Seed Yield and Quality of Oilseed Flax

作　　者：牛小霞 谢亚萍[2] 王斌[2] 牛俊义[3] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业工程技术研究院,甘肃武威733007 [2]甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所,兰州730070 [3]甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2017年第8期1189-1196,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31660368;31360315);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-17-GW-9)~~

摘　　要：以‘陇亚杂1号’为试验材料,在大田条件下设置4个施磷(P2O5)水平(0、75、150、225kg/hm2),研究磷素营养对胡麻叶和蒴果皮中叶绿素、籽粒产量和品质的影响。结果表明,叶片和蒴果皮中叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素a+b质量分数均随施磷量增加而增加,与不施磷相比,叶片中平均分别增加19.05%、32.51%和22.72%,蒴果皮中平均分别增加43.21%、37.50%和41.65%;与不施磷相比,籽粒产量、含油率、油产量和籽粒粗蛋白均随施磷水平而提高,平均分别提高19.91%、1.20%、23.55%和10.17%;籽粒中亚麻酸质量分数随施磷水平升高先升高后降低,平均升高3.70%。施磷量与籽粒产量、亚麻酸质量分数正相关;与含油率、油产量和籽粒粗蛋白质量分数显著正相关;与成熟期叶片和盛花期蒴果皮叶绿素质量分数极显著正相关;子实期叶片中叶绿素质量分数与籽粒产量、含油率和油产量间存在极显著正相关;子实期蒴果皮中叶绿素质量分数与籽粒产量和油产量间存在极显著正相关。试验表明,施磷提高叶片和蒴果皮中叶绿素质量分数和籽粒产量,同时也改善胡麻品质。Using‘Longyaza No.1＇as the material,four phosphorus（P2O5）levels（0,75,150,and225kg/hm^2）were designed to investigate the effect of on chlorophyll mass fraction in leaves and capsule pericarps,seed yield and quality of oilseed flax under irrigation conditions.The result indicated that the mass fraction of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and chlorophyll a＋b increased with phosphorus level,with the average increase of 19.05%,32.51% and 22.72% in leaves,respectively,and43.21%,37.50% and 41.65%in capsule pericarps,respectively;seed yield,oil content,oil yield and crude protein mass fraction in seed of oilseed flax increased with phosphorus,with an average rate of19.91%,1.20%,23.55%and 10.17%,respectively;linolenic acid mass fraction first increased then decreased with phosphorus level with an average of 3.70%.Phosphorus fertilization had a positive correlation with seed yield and linolenic acid mass fraction（P〈0.05）,and significant positive correlation with oil content,oil yield,and crude protein mass fraction in seed and chlorophyll mass fraction in leaves at maturity and in capsule pericarps at anthesis stage（P〈0.01）.The chlorophyll mass fraction in leaves at kernel stage showed significant positive correlation with seed yield,oil content,and oil yield;the chlorophyll mass fraction in capsule pericarps at kernel stage had significant positive correlation with seed yield and oil yield.In conclusion,the present study indicates that phosphorus fertilization can increase chlorophyll mass fraction in leaves and capsule pericarps,and seed yield,improving quality in oilseed flax.

关 键 词：磷 胡麻 叶绿素 籽粒产量 品质 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学]