变转速非对称泵直驱液压挖掘机斗杆试验研究  

Experiment Study on the Characteristics of Speed-variable Asymmetric Pump Driven Excavator Arm

作　　者：葛磊[1] 张晓刚[1] 权龙[1] 王成宾[1] 武利生[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学新型传感器及智能教育部实验室,太原030024

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2017年第16期210-216,共7页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51575374);NSFC-山西煤基低碳联合基金(U1510206);国家科技支撑计划(2014BAF08B06)资助项目

摘　　要：由于结构紧凑,易于并行驱动多执行器等优点,阀控液压缸系统被广泛应用于工业和工程自动化装备,存在问题是节流损失大,能量效率低。为了降低液压系统能耗,有效的方法是采用直接泵控技术,消除节流损失。但传统进出口流量对称型液压泵驱动非对称液压缸系统,需要附加复杂的回路补偿非对称液压缸面积差,并且当液压缸负载方向频繁变化时,控制腔交替变化,液压缸运行平稳性差。针对上述问题,提出一种能够匹配非对称液压缸面积差的非对称泵控缸闭式系统方案,并将其应用于控制具有四象限工作特性的液压挖掘机斗杆。为了验证新提出方案的可行性,在前期仿真研究基础上,构建非对称泵控液压挖掘机斗杆试验系统,对采用新方案后斗杆的运行和能效特性进行研究。测试结果表明,新系统具有良好的控制特性,可消除负载方向改变造成的速度波动,与采用泵阀复合进出口独立控制系统相比,一个工作循环降低能耗达57.0%。Due to its impact structure and easily to drive multi-actuators with a single power source, valve-controlled cylinder is widely used in industrial equipment and mobile machine. Oftentimes, its utilization is limited by its inferior efficiency caused by throttling loss. The most direct method is adopting the direct pump control technology which eliminates the throttle losses. However, to a traditional symmetric pump controlled asymmetric cylinder, a complex compensation circuit is needed to compensate asymmetric volume flow of the cylinder. And also, the operation stability of the system will become worse when the load force direction changes frequently and the control chamber changes alternatively. A new displacement controlled system that can match the differential area of an asymmetric cylinder based on a new designed asymmetric pump is put forward. To research the working performance and energy efficiency of the designed system, it is used to control the arm cylinder of excavator which works under four quadrants. To verify the feasibility of the new circuit, based on the pre-simulation results, the operating characteristics and energy efficiency characteristics of the arm with the new scheme are studied on a real excavator. The results show that the stability is satisfied, and there is no obviously velocity fluctuation. Compared with the independent metering circuit with pump and valve accordance control, the energy-saving reaches to 57.0% during a working cycle.

关 键 词：非对称泵 四象限运行 泵控缸 能量效率 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]