不同性别比和资源获取能力对未婚男性择偶标准的影响  

The influence of different sex ratios and resource-gaining capability on male's mating selection

作　　者：王燕[1] 侯博文[1] 李歆瑶[2] 李晓煦 焦璐 WANG Yan HOU Bowen LI Xinyao LI Xiaoxu JIAO Lu(Department of Psychology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学心理学系,上海200433 [2]中山大学心理学系,广州510275

出　　处：《心理学报》2017年第9期1195-1205,共11页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：复旦大学社政学院文科科研基金资助

摘　　要：本研究分别采用文字启动和图片启动两种方式,探讨不同性别比下男性择偶标准的动态变化。实验1和实验2的结果均显示:相比于男多女少启动,在女多男少启动下,男性对女性"好资源"的要求会明显升高。不同性别比启动和男性资源获取能力(而不是童年经济状况)在男性择偶标准上存在着交互效应。相比于男多女少启动,资源获取能力强的男性在女多男少启动下对女性好资源的要求会明显提高,而资源获取能力弱的男性在两种启动下对女性好资源的要求没有显著变化。结论:对资源获取能力强的男性而言,对女性"好资源"的偏好是择偶选择过多时所产生的奢侈需求。With two experiments the present study tried to explore the influential factors of male＇s mating standards under the priming of different sex ratios. To understand the changing pattern of mating strategies, the life history theory was integrated, which focuses on interpreting organisms＇ trade-off in the allocation of limited resources. Research has shown that individual＇s life history strategies could be different under different environmental priming. Literature indicated that individual＇s mating standard could also be influenced either by clues related to mating preferences such as resources and good looking, or by clues not related to mating preferences like death rate, economic condition of the society. This study generally put the emphasis on influences of the priming of different sex ratios, ability to gain resources and childhood economic conditions on male＇s mating preference. It was hypothesized that when primed by different sex ratios, male participants with different childhood economic conditions or ability to gain resources would show different changing pattern of mating standards. In experiment 1 participants were 230 unmarried males, with an average age of 20.02 years old（SD = 1.94）. Participants were primed by reading a news article about the condition of high sex ratio（more men than women）, or about the condition of low sex ratio（less men than women）, or about a new kind of robot（control group）. Then, the mating preferences were measured by self-report scales. Furthermore, participants were asked to rate the level of childhood economic condition and the self-appraisal of potential resource-gaining capability. The results revealed that males showed significantly lower mating standards on ＂good resources＂ when primed by high sex ratio clues（more men than women）, compared with low sex ratio clues（less men than women）. The interaction effect on mating standard of good resources between sex ratio and the capability of resource-gaining was significant. With higher l

关 键 词：择偶标准 性别比 资源获取能力 生命史理论 环境线索 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]