乌鲁木齐市边界层日变化特征  

Diurnal Variation of Atmospheric Boundary Layer in Urumqi

作　　者：金莉莉[1,2] 李振杰 何清[1,2] 缪启龙[2] 买买提艾力·买买提依明[1,2] Jin Lili Li Zhenjie He Qing Miao Qilong Ali Mamtimin(Taklimakan Desert Atmosphere and Environment Observing and Experimental Station, Center of Central Asia Atmospheric Science Research, Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002 College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044 Lincang Meteorological Service, Yunnan, Lincang 677099)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,中亚大气科学研究中心,塔克拉玛干沙漠大气环境观测试验站,乌鲁木齐830002 [2]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044 [3]云南省临沧市气象局,临沧677099

出　　处：《气象科技》2017年第4期686-697,共12页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：中国沙漠气象科学研究基金(Sqj2015009);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(IDM201505)资助

摘　　要：利用乌鲁木齐市晴天CFL-03型风廓线雷达观测资料,分析了边界层日变化特征。得出结论如下:边界层结构季节变化明显。冬、春季300~600m以下风速较小,小于3m/s,且愈近地面风速愈小;以上风速大、风向恒定,基本为东南大风。夏季和秋季风速比冬季和春季小,流场特征较复杂,水平风速和风向变化较活跃,存在明显的风切变。折射率结构常数春、秋和冬季比夏季分别小1个、3个和1~3个量级;夏季最大,集中在10^(-16)~10^(-13) m^(-2/3)之间。春、夏和秋季晴天湍流动能耗散率量级分别在10^(-6)~10^(-2) m^2·s^(-3)、10^(-4)~10^(-3) m^2·s^(-3)、10^(-6)~10^(-3) m^2·s^(-3)之间;白天比夜间约大1个量级。晴天折射率结构常数和湍流动能耗散率日变化特征与风场日变化特征有较好地对应关系,即湍流发展旺盛的区域与风速较大的区域相一致。风廓线雷达资料反演的湍流动能耗散率对春季和夏季边界层结构日变化演变特征的监测较好。夏季夜间稳定边界层约400~500m,残余层可达到约1800m,对流边界层可发展到约2500m,混合层约2200m,夹卷层约300~400m。The clear day observation data of the CFL-03 wind profiler radar（WPR）collected in Urumqi are used to analyze the characteristics of the diurnal variation of the atmospheric boundary layer.The results show that the seasonal variation of the boundary layer is obvious.Below the 300-600 mheight,the wind speed is weak（3m/s）,and the nearer the surface the smaller the wind speed is.While wind speed is larger,the wind direction is constant in southeast above 300 to 600 m.The wind speeds in summer and autumn are smaller than those in winter and spring.The characteristics of the flow field in summer and autumn are more complex,in which the horizontal wind speed and direction are more volatile,and there is obvious wind shear.The magnitude of structural parameter of turbulence reflectivity in spring（autumn or winter）is one magnitude（three magnitudes or 1 to 3 magnitudes）less than that in summer.In summer,the structural parameter of turbulence reflectivity is maximum,which is 10^（-16） to 10^（-13） m^（-2/3）.Under the condition of clear sky,the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy is 10^（-6） to 10^（-2）,10^（-4） to 10^（-3） and 10^（-6） to 10^（-3） m^2·s^（-3）,respectively,in spring,summer,and autumn.The magnitude of dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy in daytime is one magnitude more than that at night.The diurnal variation of structural parameter of turbulence reflectivity and dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy is correlated well to wind field in clear days.That is,the region of strong turbulence development is consistent with the larger wind velocity.The diurnal boundary-layer feature in spring and summer can be better monitored by the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy using a new product of WPR.In summer,under the condition of clear sky,the height of the stable boundary layer,residual layer,convective boundary layer,mixed layer,and entrainment layer are 400 to 500,1800,2500,2200 and 300 to 400 m,respectively.The diurnal variation of the

关 键 词：边界层演变特征 风廓线雷达 风场 折射率 结构常数 湍流动能 耗散率 

分 类 号：P404[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]