杭州市大气颗粒物消光贡献的来源解析  

Analysis on the origin of attenuation of atmospheric particulate matter in Hangzhou City

作　　者：包贞[1] 毕晓辉[2] 应方[1] 洪盛茂[1] 焦荔[1] Bao Zhen Bi Xiaohui Ying Fang Hong Shengmao Jiao Li(Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Hangzhou 310007, China College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Key Laboratory of Airborne Particulate Matter Pollution Control, National Environmental Protection City, Tianjin 300071, China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市环境监测中心站,浙江杭州310007 [2]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《环境与发展》2017年第7期245-247,共3页Environment & Development

基　　金：杭州市重大科技创新项目(20092113A05)

摘　　要：2010年8月-2011年8月在杭州市五个环境受体点采集不同粒径的大气颗粒物样品,并对主要消光组分特征进行分析。SO_4^(2-)、EC、OC和NO_3^-对杭州市颗粒物消光能力相对分担率之比为8.7%:15.4%:27.8%:30.3%。二次转化生成的硝酸盐是杭州市能见度下降的主要影响因子。结合CMB模型和IMPROVE公式得出,建筑水泥尘、煤烟尘、土壤风沙尘、(NH_4)_2SO_4、NH_4NO_3、机动车尾气尘、粗颗粒物和二次有机碳对杭州市细颗粒物(PM_(3.3))消光能力相对贡献率之比为0.04%:3.66%:0.30%:10.20%:11.66%:48.87%:10.81%:14.46%。汽车尾气尘对颗粒物的消光能力贡献最大,贡献率达到了48%以上,是杭州市能见度下降的首要污染源,因此,要有效控制杭州市大气能见度的降低,应首要控制机动车尾气的排放。A sample of atmospheric particulate matter with different particle size was collected from five environmental receptors in Hangzhou from August 2010 to August 2011, and the characteristics of the main extinction components were analyzed. The ratio of SO4^2-, EC, OC and NO3 to the relative extinction rate of particulate matter in Hangzhou is 8.7%： 15.4%： 27.8%： 30.3%. The second generation of nitrates is the main influencing factor of decline in visibility in Hangzhou. （NH3） 2SO4, NH4NO3, motor vehicle exhaust dust, coarse particulate matter and secondary organic carbon on the fine particulate matter （PM3.3） of Hangzhou City were studied by using CMB model and IMPROVE formula. The results showed that the dust, The relative contribution rate of extinction capacity was 0.04%： 3.66%： 0.30%： 10.20%： 11.66%： 48.87%： 10.81%： 14.46%. Automobile exhaust dust on the extinction capacity of particulate matter contributed the most, the contribution rate of more than 48%, is the decline in visibility of Hangzhou, the primary source of pollution, therefore, to effectively control the visibility of Hangzhou atmospheric reduction should be the primary control of motor vehicle exhaust emissions.

关 键 词：大气颗粒物 CMB 来源解析 消光组分 

分 类 号：X830[环境科学与工程—环境工程]