生物炭肥对毛竹林下三叶青叶绿素含量、光合与荧光特性的影响  

Effects of the Application of Biochar-based Fertilizer on Chlorophyll Contents and Photosynthesis & Fluorescence Characteristics of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum under Moso Bamboo Forest

作　　者：吴志庄[1,2] 高贵宾 欧建德[3] 潘雁红 温星 周妍[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局竹子研究开发中心,浙江杭州310012 [2]浙江省竹子高效加工重点实验室,浙江杭州310012 [3]明溪县林业局,福建三明365200

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2017年第5期59-63,103,共6页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：浙江省科技厅协同创新项目(2015F50053);浙江省竹子高效加工重点实验室(2014F10047)

摘　　要：三叶青(Tetrastigma hemsleyanum)是特有的民间药用植物,开发利用潜力巨大。通过对毛竹林下三叶青施用生物炭肥试验,研究了三叶青叶绿素含量、光合与荧光生理特性对生物炭肥输入的响应。结果表明,施加生物炭肥对三叶青叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量及类胡萝卜素都有显著影响,通过光合测定发现,不同炭肥处理三叶青光合速率Pn值平均高于对照5.51%,各处理中以T2处理Pn值和水分利用效率(WUE)最高,都显著高于对照,而T3处理则低于对照。而各处理的胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)气孔导度(Cond)、蒸腾速率(Tr)都呈现出T3>T2>T1>CK。不同炭肥处理对三叶青的最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)具有显著影响,但对其他荧光参数都无显著影响。T2处理的PSⅡ实际光化学效率(Y(II))、非调节性能量耗散量子产量(Y(NO))、相对电子传递速率(ETR)、光化学猝灭系数(qP)和非光化学猝灭系数(qN)相对高于各其他处理和对照,T3处理的各荧光参数则较低,说明适量的生物炭肥处理可有效改善三叶青的光合荧光特性,施肥量太高则不利于植物的生长和光合作用的提高。Tetrastigma hemsleyanum is an important Chinese medical plant with great potential for exploitation and utilization. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of hiochar fertilizer application on chlorophyll content,photosynthesis and fluorescence characteristics of T. hemsleyanum under Moso bamboo forest. It was found that the application of biochar-hased fertilizer had significant influences on the contents of chlorophyll a and h as well as carotenoids. The average photosynthetic rate （Pn） of biochar- based fertilizer treatment was 5.51% higher than that of the control. Among different treatments,Pn and water use efficiency （WUE） of T2 treatment was the highest and significantly higher than that of control and other treatments,while those of T3 treatment were lower than that of the control. The intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci）, the stomata1 conductance （Cond）, transpiration rate （Tr） of each treatment showed a trend of T3〉T1〉control. Except for biochar-based fertilizer treatments had no significant maximum fluorescence efficiency （Fv/Fm）,different effect on fluorescence parameters （P〉0. 05）. Effective photochemical quantum yield of PS Ⅱ （Y（Ⅱ）, coefficient of photochemical fluorescence quenching （qP） ,relative electron transport rate （ETR） photochemical fluorescence quenching （qN）,and quantum yield of non-light induced non-photochemical fluorescence quenching （Y（NO）） of T2 were slightly higher than those of the control and other treatments,while those of T8 treatment were relatively lower , which indicated that the right amount hiochar fertilizer could improve photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics of T. hemsleyanum effectively,while high level biochar fertilizer application would inhibit plant growth and photosynthesis.

关 键 词：三叶青 生物炭肥 叶绿素 光合作用 荧光特性 

分 类 号：S795.01[农业科学—林木遗传育种]