福建地区老年人自我养老能力及其影响因素调查分析  

Investigation and Analysis of Self-support Capacity of Elderly and Its Influencing Factors in Fujian Province

作　　者：吴异兰[1] 王晗 梅阳阳[1] 庞书勤[1] WU Yi-lan WANG Han MEI Yang-yang PANG Shu-qin(School of Nursing, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Union Hospital,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350001)

机构地区：[1]福建中医药大学护理学院,福建福州350122 [2]福建医科大学附属协和医院肿瘤科,福建福州350001

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报（医学版）》2017年第3期222-225,共4页Journal of Henan University of Science & Technology:Medical Science

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2017J01831);福建省中青年教师教育科研项目计划(社科类JAS160231)

摘　　要：目的探究福建地区老年人自我养老能力及其影响因素。方法自设"老年人自我养老能力调查表",包括经济自立能力、生活自理能力和健康自我维护能力3个维度,共51个条目,采用Likert五级评分法评分。满分值为205分,其中经济自立能力分量表(条目1-7)满分值为35分,生活自理能力分量表(条目8-20)满分值为65分,健康自我维护能力分量表(条目21-51)满分值为105分。调查表经过15位老年护理学和社区护理学专家修订和内容效度测定,内容效度指数为0.911。采用方便抽样的方法,在福建省闽东、闽西、闽南、闽北和闽中5个地区进行现场"一对一"调查,当场回收问卷,共发放问卷220份。结果获得有效问卷205份,有效回收率为93.18%。福建地区老年人自我养老能力得分为(183.49±35.43)分,多元回归分析结果显示自觉健康状态、文化程度和年龄是该地区老年人自我养老能力的主要影响因素。结论在福建地区推行自我养老这一新型养老模式具有一定的可行性,符合"未富先老"的国情和"自力更生"的传统文化。Objective To survey the self-support capacity of elderly and its influencing factors in Fujian province. Methods ＂ self-support capacity of elderly questionnaire＂ was compiled by ourselves, which was composed of 3 dimensions and 51 items including economic self-help, self-care ability and health self- maintenance ability. The questionnaire was revised by 15 geriatric nursing and community nursing experts, and the content validity was determined, the index was 0. 911. The Likert＇s five-score method was used in this questionnaire and the full score was 205, the scores of 3 subscales were 35 （ items 1 - 7） ,65 （ items 8 - 20） and 105 （ items 21 -51 ）. With a convenient sampling, 220 elderly persons were surveyed by this self- designed questionnaire and afield investigation one-to-one was used in five areas of Fujian province. Results The effective questionnaire return rate was 93. 18% （205/220）. The score of the self-support capacity of the elderly in Fujian province was （183.49 ± 35.43）,and self-conscious health condition, level of education and age were main influencing factors for the self-support capacity of elderly in Fujian province. Conclusion The old- age self-provision as new type of pension could be carried out in Fujian province, which had certain feasibility in accordance with national conditions of ＂age before it gets rich＂ and the traditional culture of ＂self-reliance＂.

关 键 词：老年人 自我养老 护理 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]