社会人类学的中国时代  

A Chinese Phase in Social Anthropology

作　　者：莫里斯.弗里德曼 郭永平[2] 宁夏楠 Maurice Freedman Guo Yong-ping Ning Xia-nan

机构地区：[1]伦敦政治经济学院 [2]山西大学,山西太原030006

出　　处：《青海民族大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第3期63-73,共11页Journal of Qinghai Minzu University：Social Sciences

摘　　要：1938年,人类学家马林诺夫斯基在为费孝通《江村经济》一书所作的序言中曾预言:未来的人类学发展会以中国研究为起点,转向复杂社会、本土社会的研究。本文中,弗里德曼对此予以热情的回应,但他认为以功能主义研究方法进行的"社区"研究不适用于复杂社会。他希望人类学可以与史学、社会学相结合,从而对复杂社会进行长时段、多角度的研究。他提醒西方的人类学家应该注意到中国社会及其变迁的研究,强调田野调查对于人类学家的重要性,并且对即将踏上人类学道路的青年学生提出了热切希望:希望他们秉持人类学田野调查的传统,同时要向其它学科学习借鉴,以推动人类学研究向更好的方向发展。Malinowski had forecast in the preface of Fei Hsiao-tung＇s Peasant Life in China that the anthropology of the future would start from the study of China to a complex society,to a native country,in 1938.It was warmly appraised by Freedman in this speech,while he thought it was not appropriate to apply the ＂community＂,which showed the method of functionalism.to the study of complex society.He hoped that the anthropology should be combined with history and the sociology so that we could reach a study of long time and rich perspectives.Freedman also stressed the importance of field work to a anthropologist and looked forward that the anthropologist or will-be insist on it as well as the history record,so that the anthropology could be better at the near future.

关 键 词：社会人类学 社区研究 复杂社会研究 本土社会研究 中国研究 

分 类 号：K234.1[历史地理—历史学]