以出行路径耗时为测度的城镇体系空间结构研究  

A Study on the Space Structure of Urban System Based on Travel Time on Paths

作　　者：杨震 吕斌[1,2] 王晶 YANG Zhen LYU Bin WANG Jing(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,中国北京100871 [2]北京建筑大学建筑与城市规划学院,中国北京100044

出　　处：《经济地理》2017年第9期87-94,共8页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171130、51408023)

摘　　要：为填补当前城镇体系研究中对居民出行路径缺乏区分处理的空白,探索以出行路径耗时为测度的城镇体系空间结构分析方法,文章以2016年度全国各地POI(point of interests)数据信息为基础,依托各级道路交通网络并对其进行优先级处理,计算居民从出发点至同级或较高级目的地的最短路径耗时,对比分析天津、广州和苏州三个城市的市域城镇体系和建成区空间结构紧凑度。研究发现,空间布局形态而不是路网密度决定着城镇体系空间结构紧凑度的大小,城镇体系下居民就近获取服务的出行时间长短与城镇的均衡分布程度紧密相关,建成区空间结构紧凑度的大小与服务设施的分布密度正相关,城市行政地位对公共服务设施建设如教育和医疗设施的影响显著,而经济发展程度则对商业设施建设的影响更大。In order to fill the gap existing in distinguishing paths of residents＇ travel in current research of urban system, and explore a new method of analysing the space structure of urban system measured by travel time on paths, this study calculated the shortest time from origin to destination on the path of subordinate to superior or peer to peer, relying on the network of traffic roads and making a priority processing based on the information of POI （point of interests）, and then comparative analysed the compactness ratio of regional urban system and built-up area of Tianjin, Guangzhou and Suzhou in view of travel time. The study found that, it was spatial pattern of urban distribution rather than the density of road network that determined the size of compactness ratio of urban system. And the length of travel time in the urban system was closely related to the degree of equilibrium distribution of towns. While the compactness ratio of built-up areas was positively correlated with the distribution density of service facilities. In addition, the urban administrative rank had a marked impact to the construction of public service facilities, such as eucation and medical facilities, while the degree of economic development had a greater effect on the construction of commercial facilities.

关 键 词：城镇体系 空间结构 出行路径耗时 紧凑度 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]