海南省2016年有毒有害作业工人职业健康检查结果  

Occupational health examination results of workers exposed to toxic environments in Hainan,2016

作　　者：金蕾[1] 王龙义[1] JIN Lei WANG Longyi(Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou, Hainan 570203 Chin)

机构地区：[1]海南省疾病预防控制中心,海南海口570203

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2017年第9期899-903,911,共6页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解海南省2016年有毒有害作业工人的职业健康状况,明确今后职业卫生监管的重点,为政府部门制定适宜于海南省的职业病防治策略提供依据。方法收集海南省2016年有毒有害作业工人职业健康检查资料,采用Excel和SPSS 19.0统计分析。结果 2016年海南省共有382家企业52 890名工人进行了职业健康检查,企业受检率为23.42%,人员实检率为61.73%,共检出职业健康异常461例,总检出率为0.87%,其中包括疑似职业病56例(0.11%)和职业禁忌证405例(0.77%);疑似职业病检出病例主要分布在微型和小型企业、私有企业、采矿业、建筑业和噪声暴露企业;不同经济类型企业、不同规模企业、不同职业病危害企业人员实检率、职业健康异常总检出率、疑似职业病检出率和职业禁忌证检出率之间的差异均具有统计学意义。洋浦经济开发区疑似职业病检出率高于其他市县(0.16%)。结论海南省职业病危害企业受检率较低,受检企业中微型和小型企业、私有企业、采矿业和建筑业、涉噪企业职业病危害较严重。政府部门应加强管理,加大对职业健康检查工作的监督力度,确保劳动者的健康。Objective To master the occupational health conditions among workers exposed to toxic environments in Hainan Province in 2016 and determine the focus of occupational health supervision in the future, so as to provide the evidence for government to draw up the strategies about occupational diseases prevention. Methods The information on occupational health examinations of workers exposed to toxic environments in Hainan Province in 2016 was collected and analyzed statistically by Excel and SPSS19.0. Results There were 52 890 workers of 382 enterprises in Hainan Province in 2016 participated in the occupational health examinations. The detection rate of enterprises and workers were 23.42% and 61.73%respectively. Totally 461 occupational health abnormal cases were detected which included 56 cases of suspected occupational diseases（0.11%） and 405 cases of occupational contraindications（0.77%）. The suspected occupational disease cases were mainly distributed in the small and micro-sized enterprises, private enterprises, mining industry, building industry and noiseexposed enterprises. The percentages of workers, the detecting rate of occupational health abnormality, suspected occupational diseases and occupational contraindications had statistically significant differences among enterprises with different economic types, different scales and different occupational hazards. The detection rate（0.16%） of suspected occupational diseases in the Yangpu Economic Development Zone was higher than that in the other regions. Conclusions The detection rate of enterprises which have the occupational hazards in Hainan Province is lower than that in other zones in our country. Among the detected enterprises, the occupational hazards of small and micro-sized enterprises, private enterprises, mining industry,building industry and noise-exposed enterprises are more serious. Therefore, the relevant government departments should strengthen the supervision and inspection on occupational health examinations to protect workers.

关 键 词：职业健康检查 疑似职业病 职业禁忌证 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]