事故工况下壁面油污和锈斑对钢制安全壳潜在失效影响分析  

Potential Failure Effect Analysis of Oil Pollution and Rustiness on Wall Surface for Steel Containment under Accident Conditions

作　　者：石兴伟[1] 兰兵[1] 胡健[1] 于大鹏 雷蕾[1] 温丽晶[1] 乔雪冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082

出　　处：《核安全》2017年第2期24-28,共5页Nuclear Safety

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目;项目编号:2015ZX06002007

摘　　要：反应堆事故工况下,钢制安全壳是防止放射性物质向环境释放的重要屏障,因此有必要研究分析事故条件下传热削弱因素(如壁面油污和锈斑)对安全壳完整性的影响,以评估安全壳的潜在失效风险。本文应用非能动安全壳分析程序,建立了大功率非能动反应堆非能动安全壳冷却系统的热工水力模型,并以冷管段双端剪切事故为基准工况,分别研究了壁面油污和锈斑为代表的不利因素对钢制安全壳温度和压力的影响。分析结果表明:事故发生后1000 s内,壁面油污和锈斑的位置和面积对换热的影响甚小,1000 s后油污和锈斑面积对安全壳压力和温度的影响占主导地位;起拱线附近油污或者锈斑面积超过湿区面积的20%时,安全壳均可能面临失效风险。The steel containment is a significant shielding to protect radioactive fission products under severe accident conditions from being released to the atmosphere. In order to evaluate the potential failure risk under accident conditions,it is necessary to research and analyze the effects of the w eakened heat transfer factors（ as oil pollution and rustiness on the w all surface） for the containment integrity. The thermal-hydraulic model of passive containment cooling system（ PCS） has been built w ith passive containment analysis code for large pow er passive reactor. Based on the reference case of double ended guillotine（ DEG） on a cold leg,the effluence of unfavorable factors such as oil pollution and rustiness on the pressure and temperature in containment have been carried out,respectively. The analysis results show that：（ 1） in 1000 s after the accident occurs,the impact of location and area of the oil pollution and rustiness on the w all surface for the heat transfer are quite slight,how ever,the area effect of oil pollution and rustiness on the pressure and temperature in containment w ill assume dominant position for a long time;（ 2） the area of oil pollution and rustiness exceeds 20% of wet region near the springing line of the steel containment,w hich w ould face the failure risk.

关 键 词：油污 锈斑 非能动安全壳 双端剪切 安全壳完整性 

分 类 号：TL364.3[核科学技术—核技术及应用]