量子自杀实验的哲学探析  

Philosophical Analysis of Quantum Suicide Experiment

作　　者：贺天平[1] 马凯莉 乔笑斐 

机构地区：[1]山西大学区域科技政策研究中心,山西太原030006

出　　处：《东北大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第5期441-446,共6页Journal of Northeastern University(Social Science)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大招标资助项目(15JJD720011);山西省"青年三晋学者"支持计划资助项目

摘　　要：量子自杀实验是在多世界解释假设的基础上导出的一个思想实验,被认为是对量子多世界解释和传统解释的一个判决性实验。对于该实验的争议主要集中在如何定义分支、如何定义概率及被实验者如何选择自己的立场等三个方面。其中分支问题为多世界解释本身的问题;后两个问题争论的根源在于,没有意识到多世界解释中的分支世界并非可能世界,而是必然发生的平行世界,其核心涉及概率的重新定义和意识的同一性问题。该实验不仅无法验证多世界解释,反而暴露了多世界解释在验证问题、概率问题、信任问题中存在的问题和矛盾。Quantum suicide experiment is a kind of ideal experiment deriving from the hypothesis of many-worlds interpretation（MWI）,which is regarded as a decisive experiment on the many-worlds interpretation and traditional interpretations of quantum mechanics.The controversy over the experiment focuses on three aspects：how to define the branches,how to define the probability and how the experimenter chooses his/her position.Among them the branch issue is derived from the many-worlds interpretation itself.However,the controversial root of the other two issues is that they fail to realize that the branches are not possible worlds but inevitable parallel worlds,whose core is to redefine the probability and guarantee the identity of consciousness.While the experiment can＇t verify the many-worlds interpretation,it reveals many problems and contradictions in terms of verification,probability and trust.

关 键 词：量子自杀实验 多世界解释 分支世界 主观概率 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]