水热法制备高长径比银纳米线及其影响因素研究  

Influencing factors in preparing silver nanowires with high aspect ratio by hydrothermal method

作　　者：倪嘉[1] 操芳芳[1,2] 陈淑勇 王魏巍[1] 韩娜[1] 金良茂 

机构地区：[1]蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院,安徽蚌埠233018 [2]浮法玻璃新技术国家重点实验室,安徽蚌埠233000

出　　处：《燕山大学学报》2017年第4期311-316,共6页Journal of Yanshan University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFB0303700);安徽省科技重大专项计划项目(15czz02004);硅酸盐建筑材料国家重点实验室(武汉理工大学)开放基金项目(SYSJJ2017-14)

摘　　要：采用水热法以AgCl为胶体、利用PVP作为还原剂及表面活性剂,成功合成了产量高、形貌尺寸均匀、高长径比的Ag纳米线。运用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、紫外-可见光谱(DRS)对样品进行了表征,结果表明,产物为具有面心立方结构的单质银,结晶度高,银线平均长度60~110μm、平均直径为20~60 nm,长径比大于1 000。同时探讨了NaCl物质的量、PVP物质的量、反应温度、反应时间对样品形貌尺寸的影响,得到了制备高长径比银纳米线的最佳反应条件,并阐述了高长径比银纳米线的生长机制。Silver nanowires with high yield,uniform size and high aspect ratio were successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method adopting AgCl gel as an initiating agent and PVP as a reduction agent and surfactant. The synthesized silver nanowires were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction（ XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（ SEM） and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy（ DRS）. The results indicate that the silver nanowires were composed of a face-centered cubic structure of pure metallic silver with high crystallinity. And the silver nanowires have an average length of 60 ~ 110 μm and an average diameter of 20 ~ 60 nm,giving the aspect ratio of the nanowires greater than 1 000. In addition,the influence of the fraction of NaCl and PVP together with the reaction temperature and reaction time on the morphology and structure of the final products were investigated. Finally,the optimum reaction condition were proposed to prepare the silver nanowires with high aspect ratio. Moreover,the growth mechanism for the silver nanowires with high aspect ratio is interpreted.

关 键 词：银纳米线 水热法 高长径比 PVP 还原剂 

分 类 号：TG146.3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] O782[金属学及工艺—金属材料]