察布查尔县草原土壤微生物量与土壤理化性质相关性研究  

Correlations between soil microbial biomass and soil physical and chemical properties in grassland in Chabuchaer County

作　　者：赛牙热木·哈力甫 艾克拜尔.伊拉洪 宋瑞清[1] 阿不都赛买提.乃合买提 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040 [2]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052

出　　处：《草业学报》2017年第9期36-44,共9页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41461048)资助

摘　　要：微生物不仅是土壤养分的转化者,同时也是养分的一种存在方式,其生物质量为微生物量。微生物量是土壤养分转化和循环的动力也是养分的库和源,微生物量对环境变化敏感,是土壤质量变化的重要指标。本研究以新疆伊犁察布查尔县1191~2656m海拔草原为研究对象,使用氯仿熏蒸提取法研究不同海拔草原土壤微生物量及其活性的变异特征,研究结果表明微生物量碳(21.05~331.58mg/kg)、微生物量氮(8.75~95.61mg/kg)均为土壤表层大于中、底层,各海拔及土层间差异显著(P<0.05),在1191~2216m海拔区间微生物量碳、氮随海拔的增加而增加,并在2216m海拔达到最大值(331.58mg/kg和95.61mg/kg),其后2216~2656m海拔区间微生物量碳、氮显著降低(21.05mg/kg和12.41mg/kg),这可能与随海拔的增加引起此海拔区间气候、降水量、植被类型、植被数量等环境条件的变化有关;通过相关性分析得知微生物量碳、氮、碳氮比彼此间正相关(P<0.05);0~20cm土层微生物量碳与含水量呈正显著性相关(P<0.05,r=0.755*),微生物量与海拔、容重、有机质、碱解氮呈正相关(P<0.05),与pH值、全氮、碳氮比负相关(P<0.05)。20~40cm土层微生物量碳与碱解氮呈显著性正相关(P<0.05,r=0.829*),微生物量与海拔、全氮正相关(P<0.05),与碳氮比负相关(P<0.05)。40~60cm土层微生物量与海拔、碳氮比呈负相关(P<0.05),与有机质、碱解氮、全氮呈正相关(P<0.05)。土壤微生物量可以反映土壤肥力的变化,作为评价土壤肥力的生物学指标。Microorganisms are involved in the transformation and circulation of soil nutrients, and are also sources and sinks of soil nutrients. These processes and the abundance of soil microorganisms are sensitive to environmental changes. Therefore, changes in the abundance of microorganisms are an important index of changes in soil quality. In this study, grassland soil samples collected at altitudes of 1191 - 2656 m in Cha-buchaer County, I l i, Xinjiang, were analyzed by chloroform fumigation extraction to determine differences inthe quality and activity of soil microorganisms among different altitudes. The results showed that biomass car-bon （21. 05 - 331. 58 mg/kg） and biomass nitrogen （8. 75 - 95. 61 mg/kg） were higher at the soil surface than in middle and lower layers, and differed significantly with altitude and among soil depths （P 〈0. 05）. The mi-crobial biomass increased with increasing altitude from 1191 m to 2216 m （331. 58 mg/k g , 95. 61 mg/kg） and then significantly decreased as the altitude increased from 2216 m to 2656 m （21. 05 mg/k g , 12. 41 mg/kg）. This may have resulted from changes in environmental and climatic conditions such as precipitation and the types and quantities of vegetation. Correlation analyses showed that soil biomass carbon was positively correla-ted with soil nitrogen and the carbon nitrogen ratio P C Soil microbial biomass was positively correlated with moisture content at 0 -20 cm depth （P 〈0. 05, r-Q. 755 ＊ ） and with altitude, organic matter, bulk density, and available nitrogen （P 〈0. 05）. Soil microbial biomass showed negative correlations （P 〈0. 05） with soil pH , total nitrogen, and the carbon ： nitrogen ratio. At the soil depth of 20 - 40 cm, soil microbial bi-omass was significantly positively correlated with available nitrogen （P 〈0. 05, r. 829＊ ）. Soil microbial bi-omass showed positive correlations with altitude and total nitrogen （P 〈0. 05） , and a negative correlation （P〈C0

关 键 词：草原土壤 海拔 土层 土壤理化性质 微生物生物量 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]