丁坝布置形式对中小河流栖息地影响的数值模拟研究  

Numerical Research on the Influence of Groin Layout on Aquatic Habitats in Medium-sized and Small Rivers

作　　者：魏文杰 张小霞[2] 张新华[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院,贵阳550002 [2]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,成都610065

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2017年第9期136-140,149,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51379137;51579162)

摘　　要：丁坝是广泛使用的河道整治和维护建筑物。同时,丁坝又具有保护水生态多样性和改善河流栖息地的功能。丁坝周围水流具有较强的紊动特性,不同的丁坝布置形式对河流流态、水沙结构影响较大,进而影响河流水生生物的栖息地演变。为摸清何种丁坝布置形式对栖息地改善最为有利,基于IFIM理论,将二维浅水模型、泥沙运动和河床演变模型与栖息地加权可用面积计算模型耦合,探讨了不同丁坝布置形式对中小河流典型鱼类栖息地的改善作用。结果表明,采用对口丁坝布置形式时流场对称性强、流态较好,可得到较优的栖息地可用面积WUA,研究成果也可为河流水生态修复与管理提供一定参考。The groin is a building widely used to improve and maintain the channel. According to a large amount of research by predecessors, the groin has a protective function to improve water ecological diversity and aquatic habitats of rivers. Flow has strong turbulent characteristics around the groins. Different layouts or arrangements of the groins can influence the development of river habitats. However, what kinds of layouts can improve the aquatic habitats most efficiently？ In this study, on the basis of the theory of IFIM, the 2D shallow water equation models including sediment transportation and riverbed involution model combined with habitat available areas are employed to investigate the effectiveness of different groin layouts on the improvement of aquatic habitats for a typical fish in a small and medium-sized river. The results indicate that the head-to-head groin layouts can make the flow field more symmetrical, and can also get a better habitat available area WUA. These results can provide a reference for river water ecological restoration and management.

关 键 词：IFIM 二维浅水模型 丁坝布置形式 水生生物栖息地 

分 类 号：TV135[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]