鱼粮苗语低平调和低降调的声学感知研究  

An Acoustic and Perceptual Study on the Low Level Tone and Low Falling Tone of Yuliang Miao

作　　者：刘文[1] 张锐锋[2] LIUWen ZHANG Ruifeng

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国语言文学系,北京100871 [2]河南师范大学外国语学院,新乡453007

出　　处：《语言学论丛》2016年第2期197-212,共16页Essays on Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国有声语言及口传文化保护与传承的数字化方法”(10ZD&125)和“基于中国语言及方言的语言接触类型和演化建模研究”(14ZBD102)资助

摘　　要：基于朱晓农等（2012）对鱼粮苗语声调的研究，低平调和低降调在同一种语言声调感知中的作用至今还没有得到解决。本文以基频、开商和速度商为参数，对该方言的声调调值和发声进行了系统的声学分析，认为鱼粮苗语中存在四个平调、两个降调、一个升平调。文中进一步通过感知实验着重分析了低平调（T5）和低降调（T6）在声调感知中的作用，即在基频较低的情形下，基频的模式（平、升、降）对母语者的感知有无差异。实验结果表明，在鱼粮苗语中，发声对二者的感知起主要作用，基频也起着一定的作用。According to Zhu et al. （2012） , the mechanisms involved in the perception of low-level and low-falling tones remain understud- ied. We therefore undertake an acoustic study on tonal categories and phonation of Yuliang Miao, investigating three parameters, i.e., pitch, open quotient, and speech quotient. The result shows that this language has seven tones： four level tones, two falling tones and one rising-lev- el tone. In order to investigate whether it is true that native speakers cannot differentiate pitch patterns （level, rising or falling ） at very low pitch, we undertake a perceptual experiment on the low-level and low-falling tones. The results suggest that while phonation types serve as the primary cues for the perception of these tones, pitch still plays a not so significant but indispensable role in it.

关 键 词：鱼粮苗语 低平调 低降调 感知实验 

分 类 号：H216[语言文字—少数民族语言]