增龄对汉语普通话言语识别能力的影响  

Age-dependent changes in mandarin speech perception in normal hearing people

作　　者：董瑞娟[1] 王宪慧 刘冬鑫[1] 王媛[1] 陈静[1] 王硕[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科中心北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学教育部重点实验室(首都医科大学),北京100005 [2]伦敦大学学院

出　　处：《临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2017年第18期1384-1387,共4页Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head And Neck Surgery

基　　金：北京市金桥种子基金(No:ZZ16049);北京同仁医院院内基金(No:2016-YJJ-GGL-023);北京市自然科学基金青年项目(No:7154190);北京市自然科学基金面上项目(No:7122034);国家自然科学基金(No:81200754);2012北京市科技新星计划(No:Z121107002512033);首都卫生发展科研专项基金:(No:首发2011-1017-04);首都医科大学基础-临床科研合作基金(No:12JL46);北京市卫生系统高层次卫生技术人才(No:2015-3-012)

摘　　要：目的:研究年龄(周岁)增长对听力正常人群汉语普通话言语识别能力的影响。方法:75例听力正常受试者,男20例,女55例;按年龄分为5组:20~30岁组,31~40岁组,41~50岁组,51~60岁组,61~70岁组,每组15例。采用普通话噪声下言语测试进行安静条件下和噪声条件下言语识别能力测试。结果:各年龄组间言语测试结果在安静条件下和信噪比(SNR)为10,5dB的条件下差异无统计学意义(P>0.005),在信噪比为0和-5dB条件下差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。SNR=-5dB条件下普通话噪声下言语识别得分与年龄呈显著性负相关(P<0.001)。结论:在嘈杂的噪声环境中,听力正常人言语识别能力会随着年龄增长而下降。Objective：To investigate if and when the mandarin speech perception ability deteriorates with age in adults with audiometrically normal hearing sensitivity.Method：The participant group included 75 normal-hearing adults sampled from across the entire range of adulthood,of which there are 20 males and 55 femals.The participants were divided into 5 groups with 15 participants per age group：20-30 years,31-40 years,41-50 years,51-60 years,and 61-70 years.We applied speech perception test using Mandarin Hearing in Noise Test（MHINT）.Result：The speech perception scores were significantly different among the five groups in 0 dB and -5 dB conditions（P0.001）,but they weren′t significantly different among the five groups in quiet,10 dB and 5 dB（P0.005）.There was a significant negative correlation between speech perception and age in -5 dB conditions.Conclusion：When the background noise becomes more severe even for participants with audiomerically normal hearing,it was shown that speech perception declined with age.

关 键 词：年龄 时域信息处理能力 言语感知 

分 类 号：R767.92[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]