导向钻具定向造斜方程及井眼轨迹控制机制  

Directional deflection equations for steerable drilling tools and the control mechanism of wellbore trajectory

作　　者：刘修善[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油工程技术研究院,北京100101

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2017年第5期788-793,共6页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"海相碳酸盐岩油气井井筒关键技术"(2011ZX05005-006)

摘　　要：为满足各种导向钻井方式的井眼轨迹控制需求,建立了导向钻具的定向造斜方程及井眼轨迹的过程控制方法,并进行算例分析。通过证明导向钻具的定向方向与井眼轨迹的主法线方向相一致,建立了导向钻具的定向造斜方程。通过建立导向钻具的造斜率-工具面角、造斜率-定向方位角关系曲线,提出了井眼轨迹的过程控制技术。研究表明:导向钻具的造斜率决定了井眼轨迹的井眼曲率,导向钻具的定向方向决定了井眼轨迹的主法线方向;定向方位角与工具面角均具有定向功能,二者可以互算且互为补充。研究结果揭示了导向钻具与井眼轨迹之间的相互作用机理及控制机制,据此能根据设计的井眼轨迹形成井眼轨迹的控制方案,并随钻控制和监测导向钻具的工作特性。To meet the wellbore trajectory control requirements for all kinds of steering drilling modes, the directional deflection equations for steerable drilling tools and the process control method for wellbore trajectory were proposed and an application example was given. By proving that the orientation direction of steerable drilling tool was consistent with the principal normal direction of borehole trajectory, directional deflection equations for steerable drilling tools were established. By establishing the relation curves between the build-up rate and tool face angle, and the relationship between built-up rate and orientation azimuth angle of steerable drilling tool, a process control technique for wellbore trajectory was presented. The research shows that the build-up rate of steerable drilling tool determines the curvature of wellbore trajectory, the orientation direction of steerable drilling tool determines the principal normal direction ofwellbore trajectory; the orientation azimuth angle and the tool face angle both have the orientation function, and they can calculate and complement each other. These research results reveal the interaction mechanism and control mechanism between steerable drilling tools and wellbore trajectory, so the control scheme of wellbore trajectory can be formed based on the planned wellbore trajectory, and operating characteristics of steerable drilling tool can be controlled and monitored while drilling.

关 键 词：钻井理论 定向钻井 导向钻具 定向造斜方程 井眼轨迹 控制机制 

分 类 号：TE21[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]