利用变异系数分析花生品质性状应对环境变化的遗传稳定性研究  

Study on Genetic Stability of Peanut Quality Characters in Response to Environmental Changes Using Coefficient of Variation

作　　者：郭峰[1] 阮建[2] 王莹莹[1] 万书波[1,2] 彭振英[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心/山东省作物遗传改良与生态生理重点实验室,山东济南250100 [2]山东大学生命科学学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2017年第9期25-31,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省农业良种工程项目(2014-2017);国家自然科学基金项目(31571605);国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD11B04);国家国际科技合作专项(2015DFA31190);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-14)

摘　　要：花生是我国重要的油料作物与经济作物之一,但是有关花生品质性状遗传稳定性的研究较少。本研究对连续三年种植的61个花生品种的籽粒含油量、蛋白含量等各品质性状进行了测定与系统分析,并利用变异系数(CV)对各个品质性状的遗传稳定性进行评价。结果表明,不同年份种植的花生含油量略有不同,脂肪酸不同组成成分的CV差异较大,二十四烷酸、山嵛酸、棕榈酸以及含油量的CV均较小,而油亚比的CV较大,反映出环境因素对花生脂肪酸合成有一定的影响。对蛋白及8种氨基酸CV的分析结果则表明,蛋白、赖氨酸、脯氨酸和苏氨酸的CV较大,反映出它们对环境影响的敏感性。环境因素对不同花生品种品质性状的影响各不相同,粤油92和中花5号的各个性状应对环境改变比较稳定,其CV较低;而青花5号、冀花4号等品种各项指标CV较高,发映出这些品种对环境变化的敏感性。Peanut is one of the important oil crops and economic crops in China,but the research on the genetic stability related to environmental changes is rare. In this study,the oil content,protein content and other characters of 61 peanut cultivars planted for three consecutive years were determined and analyzed,and the genetic stability of each character was evaluated using coefficient of variation（ CV）. The results showed that the content of peanut oil in different years was slightly different. The CV of different fatty acid components showed larger differences,the CV of lignoceric acid,behenic acid,palmitic acid and oil content were smaller,but the CV of O/L ratio was larger,which reflected that the environmental changes could influence peanut fatty acid synthesis. We also analyzed the CV of protein and eight amino acids,the results showed that the CV of protein,lysine,proline and threonine were larger,which reflected their sensibility to environmental changes. The environmental factors had different effects on the quality traits of different peanut varieties,the char-acters of Yueyou 92 and Zhonghua 5 was more stability with lower CV value,whereas the CV of characters of Qinghua 5 and Jihua 4 were larger,which indicated their sensibility to environmental changes.

关 键 词：花生 变异系数 环境变化 遗传稳定性 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]