盐胁迫下硝态氮对甘薯根系发育及荧光系统活性的影响  

Effects of Nitrate Nitrogen on Root System Development and Fluorescence System Activity of Sweet Potato under Salt Stress

作　　者：李路瑶 丁效东[1] 李威威 张德龙[1] 刘庆[1] 史衍玺[1] 张士荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2017年第9期101-106,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家甘薯产业技术体系岗位专家项目(CARS-11-B-14);青岛农业大学高层次人才科研基金项目(编号:6631115036);青岛农业大学2016年大学生科技创新项目"硝态氮对盐胁迫下甘薯的渗透调节作用"

摘　　要：选取商19(盐敏感型)和济23(耐盐型)两个甘薯品种,设两个盐氮(NaCl:1、120 mmol·L^(-1);NO_3^--N:1、10 mmol·L^(-1))水平,采用营养液水培法,研究盐氮交互作用对耐盐型和盐敏感型甘薯根系发育及叶片荧光系统活性的影响。结果表明:1)相同盐、氮水平处理时,两基因型甘薯其根系总长度差异不显著,同一盐水平,J23根系干重随氮浓度增加呈降低趋势,S19随氮素加入而升高;而盐敏感型甘薯在轻盐水平或重盐水平下根尖数都多于耐盐型甘薯;相同盐氮耦合处理下,与耐盐型(J23)相比,盐敏感型(S19)甘薯根系活力受到的影响更为严重;2)耐盐型和盐敏感型甘薯最大光化学效率平均值差异不显著,因此甘薯品种之间的耐盐性对植株最大光化学效率的影响差异不显著;3)相同氮水平下,随NaCl浓度升高,甘薯的根系总长度、根表面积、根体积、根系活力以及最大光化学效率等指标都有所下降;4)相同NaCl水平下,随氮素营养的加入甘薯细胞中硝态氮含量随之增加,甘薯的根系总长度、根表面积、根体积、根系活力以及最大光化学效率等指标都有所上升;5)硝态氮的供应可缓解盐胁迫对甘薯根系生物量、根系活力以及叶绿素荧光系统的抑制作用。Using J23（ salt-tolerant genotype） and S19（ salt-sensitive genotype） as materials,a hydroponic cultivation experiment with two salt-nitrogen levels（ NaCl as 1,120 mmol·L-1; NO3^--N as 1,10mmol·L^-1） was designed to study the effects of nitrate nitrogen on root growth and leaf fluorescence system activity of sweet potato under salt stress. The results were as follows.（ 1） Under the same salt and nitrogen coupling,there was no significant difference in root length of different salt-tolerant genotypes of sweet potato,the root activity of S19 was limited compared with J23. Under the same level of salt stress,the root dry weight of J23 showed a lower trend with the increase of nitrogen concentration,while the situation of S19 was opposite. The root number of S19 was more than that of J23 under both low-salt and high-salt level.（ 2） There was no significant difference between salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive sweet potato in the maximum photochemical efficiency average value,therefore,the impact differences of salt tolerance on the maximum photochemical efficiency of sweet potato were not significant.（ 3） In the same level of nitrogen,with the increase ofNaCl concentration,the total root length,root surface area,root volume,root activity and maximum photochemical efficiency of sweet potato all decreased.（ 4） Under the same level of NaCl,the nitrate nitrogen content of sweet potato cells increased with the addition of nitrogen nutrition,so were the root total length,root surface area,root volume,root activity and maximum photochemical efficiency.（ 5） The supply of nitrate nitrogen could alleviate the inhibitory effects of salt stress on root biomass,root activity and chlorophyll fluorescence system of sweet potato.

关 键 词：盐胁迫 硝态氮 甘薯 根系 荧光系统 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]