125家医疗机构医疗废物管理调查情况  

Status of management of medical waste in 125 medical institutions

作　　者：刘思娣 任南[1] 李春辉[1] 单淑娟 苗逢雨 杨蕾 冯立文 孟秀娟[1] 文细毛[1] 龚瑞娥[1] 熊辛睿[1] 付陈超[1] 吴安华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅医院感染控制中心,湖南长沙410008 [2]国家卫生计生委医院管理研究所,北京100191 [3]湘雅常德医院院感科,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2017年第18期4265-4269,共5页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：全球环境基金-中国医疗废物可持续环境管理基金资助项目(GEFSEC Project ID:2927)

摘　　要：目的了解某省医疗机构医疗废物管理情况,规范医疗机构医疗废物的管理。方法采取分层抽样方法,统一向全省140家医疗机构发放医疗废物调查表,回收调查表,录入调查结果并进行统计分析。结果共回收125份合格调查表,合格率为89.29%;125家医疗机构总床位为62 246张,医疗废物总量为10 859 897.55千克,医疗废物产生量为0.48千克/床·日;医疗废物主要以感染性废物(87.00%)和损伤性废物(11.34%)为主;共111家医疗机构的感染性废物和损伤性废物交医疗废物处置中心集中处置;124家医疗机构未向患者收取医疗废物处置费用;122家医疗机构有医疗废物处置支出费用,支出总额为31 456 289元,每床每日支出金额为1.38元;医疗废物支出方式以按床位数(61.48%)支出为主;118家医疗机构共产生玻璃输液瓶1 537 910.40千克,产生量为0.07千克/床·日;123家医疗机构共产生塑料输液瓶1 046 399.35千克,产生量为0.05千克/床·日;玻璃输液瓶和塑料输液瓶处置方式主要按医疗废物处置、按生活垃圾处置以及由有资质单位收取专门处置;共有100家和105家医疗机构分别不了解玻璃输液瓶和塑料输液瓶的最后去向与用途。结论目前某省医疗废物管理基本规范,但仍存在问题,需要加强多部门沟通合作、加强医疗废物统一监督和管理。OBJECTIVE To understand the status of management of medical waste in medical institutions in a province so as to standardize the management of medical waster in the medical institutions.METHODS By means of stratified sampling method,the medical waste questionnaires were distributed to 140 medical institutions in the province,then the questionnaires were collected,and the results of the survey were recorded and statistically analyzed.RESULTS A total of 125 qualified questionnaires were collected,with the qualified rate 89.29% .The total number of beds of the 125 medical institutions was 62 246,the total amount of medical waste was 10 859 897.55 kg,and the amount of generated medical waste was 0.48kg/bed/day.The medical waste mainly consisted of infectious waste（87.00% ）and sharp waste（11.34% ）.The infectious waste and sharp waste of 111 medical institutions were handed over to the medical waste disposal centers for concentrated disposal,totally 124 medical institutions did not charge the medical waste disposal fees to patients,122 medical institutions had the medical waste disposal expenses,with the total amount of expenditure 31 456 289 yuan,1.38 yuan for each bed per day.The expenditure of medical waste was mainly based on the number of beds（61.48% ）.A total of 1 537 910.40 kg of glass infusion bottles were generated in 118 medical institutions,0.07 kg for each bed per day;a total of 1 046 399.35 kg of plastic infusion bottles were generated in 123 medical institutions,0.05 kg for each bed per day.The glass infusion bottles and plastic infusion bottles were mainly disposed by qualified departments based on the disposal of medical waste and living garbage.Totally 100 medical institutions had no idea of the final destination and use of the glass infusion bottles,and 105 medical institutions had no idea of the final destination and use of the plastic infusion bottles.CONCLUSIONThe management of medical waste is basically standard in the province,however,the problems remains,it is necessary to strengthen

关 键 词：医疗废物 医疗废物处置 医疗废物产生量 输液瓶 

分 类 号：R124[医药卫生—环境卫生学]