外磁场对金属射流的作用机理  

Action Mechanism of Imposed Magnetic Field on Shaped Charge Jet

作　　者：孟学平[1] 雷彬[1] 向红军[1] 齐文达[1] 黄旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]军械工程学院弹药工程系,石家庄050003

出　　处：《高电压技术》2017年第9期3042-3049,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51307182)~~

摘　　要：为探索轴向脉冲磁场对金属射流的作用机理,结合Maxwell方程组,提出了均匀线圈脉冲电流作用下不均匀粗细金属射流磁感应强度、感应电流密度及箍缩电磁力分布的理论模型,建立了线圈与金属射流作用的有限元模型,分析了轴向脉冲磁场对金属射流的作用规律,最后通过模拟试验验证了理论分析和仿真模拟的正确性。结果表明:金属射流表面的感应电流方向与流经线圈的电流方向相反,所受电磁力沿金属射流半径由表面指向中心;由于趋肤效应作用,金属射流磁感应强度、感应电流密度及电磁力均呈现表面大于轴心的趋势;金属射流凸起部分的磁感应强度、感应电流密度及所受电磁力均大于凹陷部分;当电磁力足够大时,能够使得不均匀粗细金属射流的直径差缩小,从而有效延缓金属射流断裂的发展趋势,增加金属射流的有效穿深。上述研究成果对提升金属射流对目标的侵彻穿深能力具有重要指导意义。To analyze the action mechanism of imposed magnetic field on shaped charge jet, we established theoretical models of magnetic flux intensity distribution, inducted current density distribution and electromagnetic force distribution of shaped charge jet under the action of pulse current of coil according to Maxwell equations. Moreover, a finite element model of excitation coil and shaped charge jet was built, and action rule of magnetic field produced by excitation coil along axis direction on shaped charge jet was researched. Finally, with simulation test of low melting point alloy instead of shaped charge jet, theoretical analysis and analogue simulation were verified. The results show that induced current of shaped charge jet is opposite to pulse current of excitation coil, the electromagnetic force action on shaped charge jet will point to the center from the surface along radial direction. As a result of skin effect action, magnetic flux intensity, induced current density and electromagnetic force all point to the center from the surface of shaped charge jet, of which the bulge region is bigger than that of depressed region. When electromagnetic force is large enough, the diameter distance of necking parts can be shrunk, fracture trend of shaped charge jet will be delayed, and penetration of shaped charge jet will be increased in the end. Research results can produce a significant effect on improving penetration of shaped charge jet to target.

关 键 词：轴向脉冲磁场 金属射流 感应电流密度 磁感应强度 电磁力 

分 类 号：TJ410[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]