油菜株高QTL定位、整合和候选基因鉴定  

QTL Mapping and Integration as well as Candidate Genes Identification for Plant Height in Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)

作　　者：张江江 詹杰鹏[1] 刘清云 师家勤[1] 王新发[1] 刘贵华[1] 王汉中[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,武汉430062 [2]浠水县农业局油料作物推广站,湖北黄冈438200

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2017年第17期3247-3258,共12页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：基金项目:国家油菜产业技术体系(CARS-13);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2013-OCRI);国家公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(1610172017001);湖北农业科技创新中心

摘　　要：【目的】通过对油菜株高进行多环境QTL定位并与已报道的油菜株高QTL和植物株高基因分别进行整合和比对分析,揭示油菜株高的遗传结构和候选基因并为其分子改良提供依据。【方法】以油菜优良品种中双11(测序)和No.73290(重测序)衍生的含184个单株的Bna ZNF2群体为试验材料。首先,对Bna ZNF2群体进行基因型分析,利用Joinmap 4.0软件构建了一张含803个分子标记的高密度遗传图谱。其次,对F2:3和F2:4家系进行连续两年(2010—2011)两点(武汉和西宁)田间试验和表型鉴定。然后,利用Bna ZNF2群体的基因型数据和F2:3以及F2:4家系的株高表型数据,采用Win QTLCart 2.5软件的复合区间作图法进行QTL检测。最后,利用元分析的方法采用Bio Mercator软件对不同环境中检测到的株高QTL进行整合。【结果】对两年两点环境下分别检测到的株高QTL进行整合总共得到5个株高QTL的位点:q PH.A2-1、q PH.A2-2、q PH.C2-1、q PH.C3-1和q PH.C3-2,分布于A2、C2和C3染色体上,解释2.6%—55.6%的表型方差。其中,q PH.A2-1和q PH.A2-2只在武汉检测到,而q PH.C2-1、q PH.C3-1和q PH.C3-2只在西宁检测到。位于C2连锁群的主效QTL-q PH.C2-1只在西宁被重复检测到,而且LOD值、加性效应和贡献率(分别为23.4、-16.0和55.6%)均高于前人报道,是目前发现的效应最大的一个油菜株高QTL。基于油菜基因组物理图谱对本研究和已报道的油菜株高QTL和植物株高基因分别进行整合和比对分析,获得了一个由183个QTL和287个候选基因组成的相对完整的油菜株高遗传结构图。其中,有18个株高QTL簇能在不同研究中被共同检测到,分布在A1、A2、A3、A6、A7、A9、C6和C7染色体上。另外,本研究定位到的5个油菜株高QTL的物理位置和已报道的油菜株高QTL均不重叠,因而是新的株高QTL位点。其中,q PH.A2-2、q PH.C3-1和q PH.C3-2物理区间内总共找到了15个株高同源基因,而11个在2个亲�【Objective】In order to reveal the genetic architecture and candidate genes for plant height in rapeseed, QTLs were mapped in multiple environments and were integrated with previously reported plant height QTLs and then aligned with the plant height genes, which will provide a basis for the molecular improvement of plant height in rapeseed. 【Method】 The Bna ZNF2 population of 184 individuals derived from the elite rapeseed cultivar Zhongshuang11（de novo sequencing） and No.73290（re-sequencing） was used as the experimental material. First, the Bna ZNF2 population was subjected to genotype analysis and a high-density linkage map of 803 molecular markers was constructed using Joinmap 4.0. Second, the F2：3 and F2：4 family of Bna ZNF2 population were planted and phenotyped at two locations（Wuhan and Xining） for successive two years（2010 and 2011）. Then QTL mapping was conducted by the composite interval mapping method incorporated into Win QTLCart 2.5 software, using the genotype of Bna ZNF2 population and the plant height phenotype of its F2：3 and F2：4 family. 【Result】 After integration of QTLs detected in two locations over two years, a total of 5 consensus QTLs（q PH.A2-1, q PH.A2-2, q PH.C2-1, q PH.C3-1, q PH.C3-2） were obtained, which were distributed on A2, C2 and C3 chromosomes and, explained 2.6%-55.6% of the phenotypic variance. A major QTL on the C2 chromosome, q PH.C2-1, was only detected repeatedly in Xining and its LOD value, additive effect and R2（23.4,-16.0 and 55.6%, respectively） were largest among all of the reported plant height QTLs. Based on the physical map of rapeseed, all of the currently and previously reported plant height QTLs in rapeseed were integrated and then aligned with the plant height genes, which revealed a relatively completed genetic architecture map consisting of 183 QTLs in rapeseed and 287 candidate genes in rapeseed. Of these, a total of 18 QTL cluster were commonly detected in different studies, which were distributed on A1, A2, A3, A6

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 株高 遗传结构 QTL 候选基因 QTL与环境的互作 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]