软破难采矿体深孔凿岩控制技术  

Control technology of deep drilling in weak broken orebody

作　　者：张连富[1,2] 杨柳华[1,2] 吴爱祥[1,2] 王洪江[1,2] ZHANG Lianfu YANG Liuhua WU Aixiang WANG Hongjiang(School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China State Key Laboratory of High-efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [2]金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《有色金属（矿山部分）》2017年第5期7-11,共5页NONFERROUS METALS(Mining Section）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51374034);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAB08B02);教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(IRT0950)

摘　　要：某铜矿属沉积型矿床,其矿岩硬度系数f=2~5,节理裂隙发育属软破难采岩体,且具有显著遇水泥化特征。为实现对资源的高效回采,矿山改用大直径深孔落矿,但受限于矿山没有联通地表的斜坡道,且地下巷道变形严重有效断面小,只能选用小型深孔凿岩设备。在现场深孔凿岩试验过程中,应用钻孔测斜技术绘制钻孔轨迹,深孔凿岩其钻孔偏斜严重,极大地影响了落矿效果。通过对钻头受力分析,建立钻头受力作用模型,揭示钻孔轨迹偏斜机理,提出了提高钻孔精度技术措施,通过增大导向杆直径及增设稳杆器等措施,使得钻孔合格率从40%提高至93.3%,应用效果显著,有效地解决了该矿山深孔凿岩技术难题。The copper mine in this paper is a kind of sedimentary deposit,whose ore-bearing rock hardness coefficient fis between 2 and 5.It is a kind of weak and broken orebody which is difficult to exploit because of joint fissures and has the nature of cement.To achieve the effective mining of resources,the mine applies major diameter deep hole mining as an alternative.However,with the restriction of lacking ramp that connects the underground to surface in the mine and of small effective section as a result of serious deformation of underground drifts,the mine has to choose small-type deep hole drilling equipment.During the field test of deep hole drilling,it is found that the drill holes is deflected significantly with the application of surveying and mapping drilling technology to draw the track of holes,which influences the result of mining badly.By analyzing the stress forced on the drills,we built load-bearing model of drills to indicate the deflection mechanism of drill holes＇ track.As a result,it is proposed that with the measurements of enlarging the diameter of guide bar and adding stabilizer to improve the accuracy of drilling,the rate of qualified holes is increased from 40% to 93.3%,which demonstrates that the measurements are effective and helpful to solve the problems of deep hole drilling in the mine.

关 键 词：软破难采矿体 深孔凿岩 钻孔偏斜 偏斜控制 稳杆器 

分 类 号：TD231[矿业工程—矿井建设]