碳氮比对晚期垃圾渗滤液自养脱氮的影响  

Effects of C/N on the autotrophic nitrogen removal from mature landfill leachate

作　　者：刘牡 史彦伟 刘甜甜 李婧 李传举 阎宝帅 任钦毅 

机构地区：[1]北控水务(中国)投资有限公司,北京100102 [2]北京北华清创环境科技有限公司,北京100102 [3]北京市再生水水质安全保障工程技术研究中心,北京100102

出　　处：《环境化学》2017年第9期2033-2040,共8页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07218001)资助~~

摘　　要：采用缺氧/好氧(A/O)短程硝化与升流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)厌氧氨氧化组合的自养脱氮系统处理实际晚期渗滤液,重点考察了碳氮比(C/N)对该系统的综合影响.在较低C/N范围内(1.45到1.95),氨氮去除率变化不显著,当C/N达到2.46以上时,硝化和厌氧氨氧化活性恶化导致其去除率从97.7%降为83.3%.化学需氧量和总氮去除率整体随C/N的提高而呈现先增加后减少的趋势.适度反硝化补充的碱度不仅为硝化菌提供充足的无机碳源,且有利于保障较高的p H和游离氨以维持稳定的短程硝化,亚硝积累率随C/N的提升呈现小幅上升.种群结构分析表明高C/N与厌氧氨氧化菌群所占的比例呈反比关系,从1.65%降为0.31%,维持厌氧氨氧化菌和反硝化菌的动态平衡是保证系统正常运行的关键因素.C/N为1.95时系统整体性能最优.A combined system consisting anoxic/oxic （A/O） system for short-cut nitrification and up-flow anaerobic sludge bed （UASB） for Anammox was adopted for treating mature municipal landfill leachate. The effects of C/N on the system were investigated. When C/N was low（ 1.45-- 1.95）, there was no obvious change in the removal rate of NH4＋-N. When C/N exceeded 2.46, the activity of nitrification and anammox deterioration resulted in the drop of the removal rate of NH4-N from 97.7% to 83.3%. The removal rate of COD and TN increased first and then decreased with the increase of C/N. Alkalinity from moderate denitrification not only provided sufficient inorganic carbon source for nitrifying bacteria, but also was beneficial for guaranteeing high pH and free ammonia to maintain stable short-cut nitrification. Nitrite accumulation rate showed a slight increase with the increase of C/N. Besides, population structure analysis showed that the high C/N was inversely related to the proportion of anammox bacteria, from 1.65% to 0.31%. And maintaining the balance of Anammox bacteria and denitrifying bacteria was the key point to ensure the normal operation of the system. The overall performance of the system was at the optimal level when C/N was 1.95.

关 键 词：垃圾渗滤液 短程脱氮 厌氧氨氧化 微生物种群结构. 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]