85例危重症患者吸入性肺炎的高危因素及病原菌分析  

Analysis of Risk Factors and Pathogens of Inhaled Pneumonia in 85 Critical Patients

作　　者：赵志海[1] 朱涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]太仓市第一人民医院急诊科,江苏太仓215400

出　　处：《中外医疗》2017年第23期41-42,45,共3页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

摘　　要：目的探讨危重患者吸入性肺炎的临床特点,为其预防和治疗提供依据。方法回顾性分析自2011年4月—2014年9月入住该院ICU的1 323例患者的临床资料。结果吸入性肺炎患者以发热、咳嗽等临床表现为主,高危因素为意识障碍,鼻饲,机械通气等。共取得病原菌200株,其中革兰氏阴性菌84.5%,革兰氏阳性菌9.5%,真菌6.0%;病原菌中前4位为铜绿假单胞菌,鲍曼不动杆菌,肺炎克雷白杆菌,嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌。结论重症患者吸入性肺炎的发生与高危因素有关,吸入性肺炎的病原菌以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主。Objective This paper tries to analyze the clinical features of aspiration pneumonia of critical patients and to provide guidance for prevention and treatment of the aspiration pneumonia. Methods 1 323 cases received in ICU of this hospital from April 2011 to September 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Inhaled pneumonia patients had fever,cough and other clinical manifestations; the high risk factors included disturbance of consciousness, nasal feeding, and mechanical ventilation and so on. A total of 200 strains of pathogens were obtained, among which Gram-negative bacteria was84.5%, Gram-positive bacteria were 9.5% and fungi were 6.0%. The top four pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Conclusion The incidence of inhaled pneumonia in critically ill patients is associated with risk factors, and the pathogenic bacteria of inhaled pneumonia are mainly Gram-negative bacilli.

关 键 词：吸入性肺炎 危重患者 高危因素 病原菌 

分 类 号：R4[医药卫生—临床医学]