雅鲁藏布江中游裂腹鱼类的分布及栖息地特征  

Distribution and habitat character of Schizothoracinae fishes in the middle Yarlung Zangbo River

作　　者：朱挺兵[1] 陈亮[1,2] 杨德国[1] 马波[3] 李雷[3] ZHU Ting-bing CHEN Liang YANG De-guo MA Bo LI Lei(Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Wuhan 430223, China College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Harbin 150070, China）.)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所农业部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室,武汉430223 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2017年第10期2817-2823,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：农业部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201403012)资助

摘　　要：分别于2015年4月和10月对雅鲁藏布江中游裂腹鱼类的分布与栖息地环境特征进行了调查。结果表明:雅鲁藏布江中游现分布有裂腹鱼类6种,即异齿裂腹鱼(Schizothorax oconnori)、双须叶须鱼(Ptychobarbus dipogon)、拉萨裸裂尻鱼(Schizothorax younghusbandi)、拉萨裂腹鱼(Schizothorax waltoni)、巨须裂腹鱼(Schizothorax macropogon)和尖裸鲤(Oxygymnocypris stewarti);尖裸鲤仅在雅鲁藏布江仁布以上江段出现,异齿裂腹鱼和拉萨裸裂尻鱼在所有调查断面均有分布。RDA分析显示,河宽、流速和pH是影响裂腹鱼类栖息地选择的主要因子。针对当前雅鲁藏布江中游存在的过度捕捞、外来物种入侵和梯级水电开发等问题,建议管理部门采取划定保护区、禁捕、宣传放生土著鱼类等措施来维持裂腹鱼类栖息地的有效性。The distribution and habitat characters of Schizothoracinae fishes in the middle Yarlung Zangbo River were investigated in April and October,2015.The results showed that there were six Schizothoracinae fishes distributed in the middle Yarlung Zangbo River,including Schizothorax oconnori,Ptychobarbus dipogon,Schizothorax younghusbandi,Schizothorax waltoni,Schizothorax macropogon,and Oxygymnocypris stewarti.Oxygymnocypris stewarti was only found above Renbu section of the Yarlung Zangbo River,while S.oconnori and S.younghusbandi were found at all sampling sites of the middle Yarlung Zangbo River.RDA model showed that river width,flow velocity and pH were the main factors affecting the distribution of Schizothoracinae fishes in the middle Yarlung Zangbo River.In consideration of overfishing,alien species invasion and cascade hydropower development in the middle Yarlung Zangbo River,the management departments should take actions such as defining conservation regions,forbidding fishing by law and promoting the release of native fish to sustain the effectiveness of habitat of Schizothoracinae fishes.

关 键 词：雅鲁藏布江 裂腹鱼类 栖息地 鱼类分布 鱼类保护 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]