内蒙古典型草原不同围封年限样地访花昆虫多样性  

Diversity of flower-visiting insects in typical steppe with different enclosure durations in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：滕悦 路凯亮 戈昕宇 李俊兰[1] TENG Yue Lu Kai-liang Ge Xin-yu Li Jun-lan(College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China）.)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2017年第10期2855-2865,共11页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(31460111和31000975);内蒙古自然科学基金重大项目(2015ZD05)资助

摘　　要：本文对内蒙古锡林郭勒退化典型草原围封样地,1983年围封禁牧区域(A样地)、1996年围封禁牧区域(B样地)和未围封的自由放牧区(C样地)的访花昆虫群落多样性及时序特征、访花频率进行了研究。结果表明:在3个样地共采集到访花昆虫成虫标本2131头,隶属7目71科,共183种;其中,A样地有7目60科154种1133头,B样地有6目59科158种847头,C样地有3目13科21种151头;A样地访花昆虫的数量最多,B样地访花昆虫的种类最多,C样地访花昆虫的种类与数量均最少;B样地7月份的访花昆虫Shannon多样性指数(3.12)、Pielou均匀度指数(0.86)和Margalef丰富度指数(7.16)均最高;C样地6月份的访花昆虫Berger-Parker优势度指数(0.15)最高。访花昆虫的Shannon多样性指数与Pielou均匀度指数随月份的变化趋势一致,而与Berger-Parker优势度指数相反;通过Jaccard群落相似性系数计算可知,A样地与B样地的访花昆虫Jaccard群落相似性系数(0.25)最高;A样地与C样地的访花昆虫群落相似性系数(0.16)最低;不同样地各月份的优势开花植物的优势访花昆虫不同,访花频率也不同。We studied the diversity,timing characteristics and frequency of flower-visiting insects on a degraded typical grassland with three enclosure durations in Xilinguole,Inner Mongolia.Experimental treatments included plot A（enclosed in 1983）,plot B（enclosed in 1996） and plot C（free grazing）.A total of 2131 individuals,183 species belonging to 7 orders and 71 families were collected from the 3 plots.1133 individuals of 154 species belonging to 7 orders and 60 families were from plot A,847 individuals of 158 species belonging to 6 orders and 158 families were from plot B,and 151 individuals of 21 species belonging to 3 orders and 13 families were from plot C.Plot A had the greatest individual number of the flower-visiting insects,plot B had the highest richness,while plot C had both the lowest individual number and richness.The Shannon diversity index（3.12）,Pielou evenness index（0.86） and Margalef richness index（7.16） were the highest in the plot B in July.The Berger-Parker dominance index（0.15） was the highest in plot C in June.The change trend of Shannon diversity index in different months was consistent with that of Pielou evenness index,but contrary to that of Berger-Parker dominance index.The Jaccard community similarity was the highest between the plot A and plot B（0.25） and the lowest between the plot A and plot C（0.16）.The dominant flower-visiting insect species varied with plots and months and in flower-visiting frequency.

关 键 词：访花昆虫 多样性 访花频率 锡林郭勒 典型草原 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]