宁夏、新疆流动育龄妇女生殖道感染与避孕方法关系  

Association of contraceptive methods with reproductive tract infections among migrant childbearing women in Ningxia and Xinjiang

作　　者：徐双飞 李玉艳 张君娴 白铁玲 周颖 杨宏琳 赵瑞 纪红蕾 武俊青 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032 [2]复旦大学生殖与发育研究院上海市计划生育科学研究所,国家人口计生委计划生育药具重点实验室 [3]乌鲁木齐市计划生育宣传技术指导所 [4]宁夏回族自治区卫计委生殖健康技术指导中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2017年第9期1386-1389,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2012BAI32B08)

摘　　要：目的了解西部地区育龄女性流动人口避孕节育情况、生殖道感染情况以及避孕方法对生殖道感染的影响。方法于2014年5月-2015年4月,采用多阶段抽样方法在宁夏和新疆两地选择18~49岁、采取避孕节育措施的育龄女性流动人口作为调查对象,通过自填式问卷调查一般人口学特征和避孕方法的使用,实验室检测调查生殖道感染情况。结果本次共调查1165名育龄女性流动人口,其中宁夏616人(52.88%),新疆549人(47.12%);避孕套、宫内节育器、结扎术、口服避孕药使用比例分别为45.92%、33.82%、4.64%、3.00%,另有12.62%的对象选择其他方式;生殖道感染总患病率为38.28%,其中细菌性阴道病为15.28%,慢性宫颈炎为13.30%;调整地区、年龄、文化程度、职业、收入等变量后,多因素logistic显示,性生活中使用避孕套可以降低生殖道感染(RTIs)的患病风险(OR=0.76,95%CI=0.58~0.99)。结论西部地区女性流动人口生殖健康水平有待提高,而在性生活中使用避孕套可以降低患RTIs的风险。Objective To investigate the status of contraception and reproductive tract infections （RTIs） and to explore the effect of contraceptive methods on RTIs among female immigrants in western area of China.Methods Between May 2014 and April 2015,a survey was conducted among female immigrants aged 18-49 years selected with multi-stage stratified cluster sampling in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region （Ningxia） and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region （Xinjiang）.Information on demography and contraception were collected with a self-administered questionnaire and physical and laboratory examination were carried out to detect RTIs among the participants.Results Of the 1 165 eligible migrant women enrolled in the study,616 were from Ningxia and 549 from Xinjiang.The ratios of contraceptive measures reported by the women were 45.92% for condom,33.82% for intrauterine device,4.64% for sterilization,3.00% for oral contraceptive,and 12.62% for other methods,respectively.The total detection rate of RTIs was 38.28% and the detection rate of bacterial vaginitis and chronic cervicitis were 15.28% and 13.30%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that using condom during sexual activity could reduce the risk of RTIs,with an odds ratio of 0.76 （95% confidence interval：0.58-0.99） compared to not using condom,after adjusting for residential area,age,education level,occupation,income,and other potential confounders.Conclusion The status of sexual and reproductive health need to be improved among migrant childbearing women in western area of China and using condom during sexual activity could reduce the risk of reproductive tract infections in the women.

关 键 词：生殖道感染 避孕节育方法 女性流动人口 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]