江苏海涂海域表层海水水质变化特征分析  

Analysis on the Surface Seawater Quality Variation Characteristics of Jiangsu Tidal Flat Area

作　　者：矫新明 周超凡 花卫华[2,3] 袁广旺 吕赢[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学环境学院,江苏南京210046 [2]江苏省海涂研究中心,江苏南京210036 [3]江苏省海洋环境监测预报中心,江苏南京210036

出　　处：《淮海工学院学报（自然科学版）》2017年第3期75-80,共6页Journal of Huaihai Institute of Technology:Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业专项(201205005);2014年中央海域使用金项目

摘　　要：利用2015年调查数据,评价江苏海涂海域表层海水水质现状,筛选出主要污染物,并对主要污染物变化特征进行初步分析.结果表明:江苏海涂海域表层海水受到无机氮、磷酸盐及石油类的污染,其中无机氮污染最为严重,劣于第二类海水水质标准的比例达50%,超标站位主要分布于连云港至盐城海涂海域沿岸一线以及长江口附近海域;受到外源污染及浒苔爆发的影响,江苏海涂海域表层海水中无机氮质量浓度总体上表现为5月份>8月份>3月份>10月份,磷酸盐质量浓度总体上表现为3月份>10月份>8月份>5月份;在污染物空间分布上,受到海涂海域水动力条件减弱、主要入海河流污染物入海通量增加、化工园区生产生活污水排放及氮磷肥港口装卸运输的影响,江苏海涂海域主要污染区域分布于灌河口和射阳河口等主要入海河流附近、滨海县化工园区等化工集中分布区及大丰港等重大港口区;南通海涂海域表层海水全年基本符合第一、第二类海水水质标准,仅在邻近长江口附近海域存在少量污染区域.Based on the survey data of 2015,the surface seawater quality of Jiangsu tidal flat area was evaluated,the main pollutants were screened out,and the characteristics of main pollutants were analyzed.The results showed that Jiangsu tidal flat surface water was polluted by inorganic nitrogen,phosphate and oil,especially by N,and the proportion that was inferior to the second category of water quality standards reached 50%,the stations which exceeded the standard were mainly distributed over the coast sea area from Lianyungang to Yancheng and the Yangtze River estuary.Due to exogenous pollution and outbreak of enteromorpha,the content of Inorganic nitrogen in Jiangsu tidal flat surface water was May〉August〉March〉October,and phosphate was March〉October〉August〉May.Affected by hydrodynamic condition weakened,fluxes of pollutants from main Rivers into the sea,production and living sewage discharge from chemical industrial park and the transportation of nitrogen phosphate fertilizer by ship,the main polluted areas are distributed in the vicinity of the main rivers such as the Guan River estuary and Sheyang River estuary,chemical park concentrated area of Binhai county and major ports such as Dafeng port.Nantong tidal flat surface is basically in line with the first or second category of seawater quality standards throughout the year.There is only a small amount of contaminated area near Yangtze River estuary.

关 键 词：江苏 海涂海域 表层海水 变化特征 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]